An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using canine coronavirus-infected CRFK cells as antigen for detection of anti-coronavirus antibody in cat

Abstract

From the reasons that canine coronavirus (CCV) grows more efficiently than feline coronavirus in a cell culture and they are mutually related in their antigenicities, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using CCV-infected feline kidney (CRFK) cells as substrate antigens was developed for detection of anti-coronavirus antibodies in cats. It was indispensable for generating coronavirus-specific ELISA antibody activities that the sample was applied to the mock-infected, normal CRFK cells in parallel with the CCV-infected cells and then the optical density values given by the mock-infected cell antigen were subtracted from those given by the virus-infected cell antigen. On the basis of ELISA antibody titers obtained in sera from the cats experimentally infected with CCV and from the spontaneous feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) cases, the ELISA described in the present study was found to be applicable as a simple and easy serologic test which was able to detect anti-coronavirus antibodies as efficiently as the indirect immunofluorescence assay with homologous FIP virus.

Prevalence of feline coronavirus types I and II in cats with histopathologically verified feline infectious peritonitis

“…Although serological testing by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) (Moestl, 1983) or ELISA (Mochizuki and Furukawa, 1989) is a helpful tool for FIP diagnosis, results can only be interpreted in correlation with clinical symptoms (Sparkes et al, 1991). At present, the only conclusive FIP diagnosis can be established by histopathological examination of a biopsy or post mortem material.…”

Perspectives on the epizootiology of feline enteric coronavirus and the pathogenesis of feline infectious peritonitis

“…The TGE virus and other porcine coronaviruses, as well as CCV are antigenically related to FECV/FIPV. The antigenic relationships amongst the coronaviruses affecting pigs, cats and dogs was recognized prior to the actual isolation of feline coronaviruses in cell culture, and has since been expanded to isolates propagated in vitro (Horzinek, et al 1982;Mochizuiki and Furukawa, 1989;Pedersen et al, 1978;Sanchez et al, 1990). In addition to the serologic cross reactions among this coronavirus group, there have been molecular studies reported on the homology of the viral RNA (DeGroot et al, 1988;Shockley et al, 1987).…”

“…The antigenic and genomic similarities amongst the porcine, canine and feline coronaviruses have led to speculation on the common origins of the coronaviruses (Barlough and Stoddart, 1990;Yaling, et al, 1988 ). The potential for interspecies transmission of these coronaviruses whenever these animal species commingle needs to be studied further (McArdle, et al, 1990;Mochizuiki and Furukawa, 1989;Sanchez, et al, 1990;Yaling, et al, 1988 ). The severity of FECV infection is age-related, with clinical signs most frequently being observed in kittens (Pedersen, 1987).…”

Single cell atlas for 11 non-model mammals, reptiles and birds

“…In addition, Anpep is a receptor commonly used by feline infectious peritonitis virus, transmissible gastroenteritis virus, and infectious bronchitis virus. These viruses have been detected in kidney of cats 53 , 54 . Consistently, Anpep was found to be highly expressed in stromal cells and proximal tubule cells of kidney.…”