An enhanced master–slave control for accurate load sharing among parallel standalone AC microgrids

Govind, D.; Suryawanshi, Hiralal Murlidhar; Nachankar, Pratik; Narayana, C.; Singhal, Ankit

doi:10.1002/cta.3445

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Minimization of the controller’s error is the objective function of the optimization technique. The Integral of Absolute Error (IAE), Integral of Square Error (ISE), integral of time absolute error (ITAE), and Integral of Time Square Error (ITSE) are the four types of error benchmark objective functions 98 . The application of ITAE is the most appropriate for comparing the performance of PI controller with different optimization system 27 .…”

Section: Application Of Hychopso On Hierarchical Controlfor Multiple ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid cheetah particle swarm optimization based optimal hierarchical control of multiple microgrids

Mohamed,

Mahmoud,

Saied

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The emergence of microgrids arises from the growing integration of Renewable Energy Resources (RES) and Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) into Distribution Networks (DNs). Effective integration, coordination, and control of Multiple Microgrids (MMGs) whereas navigating the complexities of energy transition within this context poses a significant challenge. The dynamic operation of MMGs is a challenge faced by the traditional distributed hierarchical control techniques. The application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques is a promising way to improve the control and dynamic operation of MMGs in future smart DNs. In this paper, an innovative hybrid optimization technique that originates from Cheetah Optimization (CHO) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) techniques is proposed, known as HYCHOPSO. Extensive benchmark testing validates HYCHOPSO’s superiority over CHO and PSO in terms of convergence performance. The objective for this hybridization stems from the complementary strengths of CHO and PSO. CHO demonstrates rapid convergence in local search spaces, while PSO excels in global exploration. By combining these techniques, the aim is to leverage their respective advantages and enhance the algorithm's overall performance in addressing complex optimization problems. The contribution of this paper offering a unique approach to addressing optimization challenges in microgrid systems. Through a comprehensive comparative study, HYCHOPSO is evaluated against various metaheuristic optimization approaches, demonstrating superior performance, particularly in optimizing the design parameters of Proportional-Integral (PI) controllers for hierarchical control systems within microgrids. This contribution expands the repertoire of available optimization methodologies and offers practical solutions to critical challenges in microgrid optimization, enhancing the efficiency, reliability, and sustainability of microgrid operations. HYCHOPSO achieves its optimal score within fewer than 50 iterations, unlike CHO, GWO, PSO, Hybrid-GWO-PSO, and SSIA-PSO, which stabilize after around 200 iterations. Across various benchmark functions, HYCHOPSO consistently demonstrates the lowest mean values, attains scores closer to the optimal values of the benchmark functions, underscoring its robust convergence capabilities.the proposed HYCHOPSO algorithm, paired with a PI controller for distributed hierarchical control, minimizes errors and enhances system reliability during dynamic MMG operations. Using HYCHOPSO framework, an accurate power sharing, voltage/frequency stability, seamless grid-to-island transition, and smooth resynchronization are achieved. This enhances the real application's reliability, flexibility, scalability and robustness.

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Section: Application Of Hychopso On Hierarchical Controlfor Multiple ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid cheetah particle swarm optimization based optimal hierarchical control of multiple microgrids

Mohamed,

Mahmoud,

Saied

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In this method, the communication link is the heart of the control system, and its loss causes instability, so this method has low reliability. 22 In the decentralized control method, the voltage and current of the converters are controlled with local information, and there is no communication link between the converters. 23 The lack of a communication link has increased the reliability of this method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the centralized method, information is received from microgrid converters, then processed, and then the commands send to them by a single control unit. In this method, the communication link is the heart of the control system, and its loss causes instability, so this method has low reliability 22 . In the decentralized control method, the voltage and current of the converters are controlled with local information, and there is no communication link between the converters 23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current sharing and voltage restoration based on determination of transmission line resistance considering constant power loads in direct current microgrids

Mahdavi,

Banejad,

Gholizadeh Narm

et al. 2023

Circuit Theory & Apps

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SummaryMaintaining proper current sharing among distributed generation (DG) units while regulating the output voltage is a challenging control issue in DC microgrids. The conventional droop control is widely used at the primary level of control to tackle this issue, but this method faces some limitations in voltage control and current sharing. To address this problem, this paper presents a new distributed secondary control method that determines the resistance of transmission lines by injecting an external pulse to the reference voltage of each converter and measuring output voltage and current changes. The proposed secondary control signal, denoted as , enables simultaneous proportional current sharing and voltage restoration in the DC microgrid by correcting the droop coefficients based on the determined resistances. In order to ensure the stability of the proposed method, the small signal stability analysis of the closed‐loop system is conducted, considering various parameter changes. In contrast to similar methods, the proposed method introduces a new hybrid technique of voltage setpoint shifting and droop parameter adjustment that achieves precise proportional current sharing and voltage restoration, even when faced with varying resistive loads and constant power loads (CPLs). Additionally, the proposed method demonstrates outstanding characteristics, such as high convergence speed, the ability to determine transmission line resistances instead of assuming them to be known, and robustness in plug‐and‐play scenarios and communication system failures. The simulation results in MATLAB and experimental tests confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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A distributed coordinated control strategy for isolated AC microgrids based on consensus algorithm considering communication delay

Yan,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Circuit Theory & Apps

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In the multi‐paralleled converter microgrid system, the traditional hierarchical control strategy can eliminate the bus voltage amplitude and frequency deviation from the rated value. However, isolated AC microgrids may face extreme scenarios such as communication delays and interruptions in data transmission due to the use of low‐bandwidth communication (LBC) lines. Additionally, the inconsistent line impedance of each distributed generation (DG) unit may result in the inaccurate division of reactive power in multi‐paralleled converter systems, thus affecting system stability. To address these issues, this paper presents a distributed coordinated control strategy for isolated AC microgrids based on the consensus algorithm. The proposed strategy first replaces LBC lines with a filter to alleviate the effects of communication delays. A small‐signal model is established in its state space, and stability of the microgrid system under the proposed control strategy is verified through eigenvalue analysis. Furthermore, based on the above theoretical analysis, a consensus algorithm is introduced, and a distributed control strategy for isolated AC microgrids based on the consensus algorithm is proposed to solve the issue of inaccurate equalization of the system's reactive power. Finally, factors that influence the dynamic convergence performance of the consensus algorithm are analyzed through simulation in PLECS software. Also, the maximum tolerable communication delays of the microgrid system under different communication topologies are also compared, and the system's robustness is evaluated under the condition of sudden communication interruption in a DG unit and sudden weather variation. These analyses confirmed the robustness of the proposed strategy against communication delays, output power fluctuation, and communication interruptions.

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An enhanced master–slave control for accurate load sharing among parallel standalone AC microgrids

Cited by 6 publications

References 39 publications

Hybrid cheetah particle swarm optimization based optimal hierarchical control of multiple microgrids

Hybrid cheetah particle swarm optimization based optimal hierarchical control of multiple microgrids

Current sharing and voltage restoration based on determination of transmission line resistance considering constant power loads in direct current microgrids

A distributed coordinated control strategy for isolated AC microgrids based on consensus algorithm considering communication delay

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