An energy management system for a directly-driven electric scooter

Yang, Yee‐Pien; Liu, Jieng-Jang; Hu, Tsung-Hsien

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2010.07.038

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The control algorithm was developed to fulfill various driving conditions. The logic design for the control algorithm is shown in Table 1 [104] introduced a novel EMS for an electric scooter with an electronic gearshift and regenerative braking. The test scooter was driven directly by a four-phase axial-flux DC brushless wheel motor.…”

Section: Control System For Multi-sources Energy Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid electric vehicles and their challenges: A review

Hannan

Azidin

Mohamed

2014

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

611

199

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Section: Control System For Multi-sources Energy Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid electric vehicles and their challenges: A review

Hannan

Azidin

Mohamed

2014

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

611

199

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“…The battery-ultracapacitor combination for vehicular applications has been reported in the literature [20][21][22][23]. Results claim that ultracapacitors offer high efficiency (around 90%) and can be charged and discharged a large number of times without performance deterioration.…”

Section: Power Buffer Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Power Buffer in an Electric Driveline: Two Batteries Are Better Than One

Santiago

Burmeister

Lundin

et al. 2014

ISRN Automotive Engineering

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Fuel cells and high energy density batteries have limited overrated capacity and slow power response. Ultracapacitors and flywheels are proposed to overcome these limitations and to facilitate regenerative braking in hybrid and electric vehicles. The simulations presented in this paper show that a Secondary Energy Storage Unit (SESU) enhances the performance of the drivelines as previously suggested and provides additional improvements. A combined design of the primary energy source and the SESU reduces the total weight and volume and increases the battery lifetime. A full-electric driveline is simulated using a standard EPA FTP-75 drive cycle. Then the same vehicle is simulated with as SESU and the results are compared. The same is done for a hybrid driveline. Two drivelines are used as references and then enhanced with an SESU; four simulations are presented in total. Simulation results show that an energy storage device with very low energy and high power allows better battery selection and energy management.

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“…The battery-supercapacitor combination for vehicular applications has been reported in the literature [4][5][6][7]. Results claim that supercapacitors offer high internal efficiency and can be charged and discharged a large number of times without performance deterioration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DC/DC converter and control are required to govern the state of charge of the supercapacitor, which depends on the vehicle speed [6]. After the DC/DC conversion, a DC/AC converter is required if the system is to be connected to an AC machine [7].…”

Section: Overall System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can, therefore, increase the overall efficiency of the regenerative braking [15]. Published results have demonstrated a round trip efficiency of around 60% for battery-supercapacitor systems [6,16], being the control strategy required for regeneration complicated, since the supercapacitor initial conditions should be continuously monitored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Power Balance Control in an AC/DC/AC Converter for Regenerative Braking in a Two-Voltage-Level Flywheel-Based Driveline

Oliveira

Lundin

Bernhoff

2011

International Journal of Vehicular Technology

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The integration of a flywheel as a power handling can increase the energy storage capacity and reduce the number of battery charge/discharge cycles. Furthermore, the ability of recovering energy of the vehicle during breaking can increase the system efficiency. The flywheel-based all-electric driveline investigated here has its novelty in the use of a double-wound flywheel motor/generator, which divides the system in two different voltage levels, enhancing the efficiency of the electric driveline. The connection of two AC electrical machines (i.e., the flywheel and the wheel motor) with different and variable operation frequency is challenging. A power matching control applied to an AC/DC/AC converter has been implemented. The AC/DC/AC converter regenerates the electric power converted during braking to the flywheel machine, used here as power handling device. By controlling the power balance, the same hardware can be used for acceleration and braking, providing the reduction of harmonics and robust response. A simulation of the complete system during braking mode has been performed both in Matlab and Simulink, and their results have been compared. The functionality of the proposed control has been shown and discussed, with full regeneration achieved. A round-trip efficiency (wheel to wheel) higher than 80% has been obtained.

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An energy management system for a directly-driven electric scooter

Cited by 30 publications

References 11 publications

Hybrid electric vehicles and their challenges: A review

Hybrid electric vehicles and their challenges: A review

A Power Buffer in an Electric Driveline: Two Batteries Are Better Than One

Power Balance Control in an AC/DC/AC Converter for Regenerative Braking in a Two-Voltage-Level Flywheel-Based Driveline

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