An Endotropic Fungus in the Coniferæ

Lewis, Francis J.

doi:10.1038/114860b0

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…The presence of a fungus in various living tissues of conifers was reported by Lewis (1924). More recently, in the course of experiments on damping-off, the occurrence of Pythium sp., Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht., and other hyphomycetes in healthy jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The Occurrence of Endophytic Fungi in Douglas-Fir Seedlings and Seed

Bloomberg¹

1966

Can. J. Bot.

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Segments taken from the roots and shoots of healthy 1-year-old seedlings of Douglas fir (Pseudotszrga cczensiesii (Mirb.) Franco) collected over a 2-year period from two British Colt~mbia forest nurseries, were surface-sterilized, and incubated on various media. Fungi grew from segments of over 80% of the seedlings, the most frequent being Fusarium oxysporunz Schlecht., F. redolens Wr., Mycelium radicis atrovirens, Cylindrocarpon didymum (Hart.) Wollenw., and C. radicicola Wollenw. Fungi were isolated more frequently from the shoot than from the root segments. Isolations from segments with the bark intact were more frequent than from segments that had the bark removed. Seedlings collected in the winter produced more fungi than those collected during the summer. Segments from diseased seedlings and seedlings grown under sterile conditions produced mycofloras which were different from each other and from that of healthy nursery-grown seedlings. Without exception, fungi grew from surfacesterilized seed placed on malt agar and samples from different seedlots had different floras. Stained sections clearly showed hyphae and chlamydospores well within the tissue of roots, shoots, and seed coat.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The Occurrence of Endophytic Fungi in Douglas-Fir Seedlings and Seed

Bloomberg¹

1966

Can. J. Bot.

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“…The term endophyte refers here to fungi inhabiting plant organs without causing apparent harm to their host (Petrini 1991). Since the discovery of fungal endophytes in conifers (Lewis 1924) numerous investigations on their abundance, species composition and response to various environmental factors have been published. However, in most endophyte–host relationships the significance of the fungal endophyte to the tree has remained unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of endophytic fungi of single Norway spruce needles and their role as pioneer decomposers

et al. 2001

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The diversity of endophytic fungi within single symptomless Norway spruce needles is described and their possible role as pioneer decomposers after needle detachment is investigated. The majority (90%) of all 182 isolates from green intact needles were identified as Lophodermium piceae. Up to 34 isolates were obtained from single needles. Generally, all isolates within single needles had distinct randomly amplified microsatellite (RAMS) patterns. Single trees may thus contain a higher number of L. piceae individuals than the number of their needles. To investigate the ability of needle endophytes to act as pioneer decomposers, surface-sterilized needles were incubated on sterile sand inoculated with autoclaved or live spruce forest humus layer. The dry weight loss of 13-17% found in needles after a 20-week incubation did not significantly differ between the sterilized and live treatments. Hence, fungi surviving the surface sterilization of needles can act as pioneer decomposers. A considerable portion of the needles remained green during the incubation. Brown and black needles, in which the weight loss had presumably taken place, were invaded throughout by single haplotypes different from L. piceae. Instead, Tiarasporella parca, a less common needle endophyte, occurred among these invaders of brown needles. Needle endophytes of Norway spruce seem thus to have different abilities to decompose host tissues after needle cast. L. piceae is obviously not an important pioneer decomposer of Norway spruce needles. The diversity of fungal individuals drops sharply when needles start to decompose. Thus, in single needles the decomposing mycota is considerably less diverse than the endophytic mycota.

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“…Because endophytes have widely existed within plant tissues in the natural environment, they are an ecologically important component of the forest canopy and contribute significantly to diversity in forest ecosystems (Stone et al 1996). Particularly, endophytic fungi have been studied from many different coniferous trees, as pioneering trees in the establishment of forest ecosystems (Lewis 1924; Carroll et al 1977; Guo 2002; Guo et al 2003; Wang et al 2005; Ganley and Newcombe 2006). Concurrently, most studies focused on the distribution and composition of endophytic fungi in needles (Carroll and Carroll 1978; Hata et al 1998; Sieber et al 1999), except that Petrini and Fisher (1988) reported the distribution and composition of endophytes in the stems and xylem of Pinus sylvestris L.…”

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confidence: 99%

Seasonal and Tissue Age Influences on Endophytic Fungi of Pinus tabulaeformis (Pinaceae) in the Dongling Mountains, Beijing

Guo

Huang

Wang

2008

JIPB

115

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Endophytic fungi associated with Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. were investigated in the Dongling Mountains of Beijing. A total of 16,200 tissue segments of P. tabulaeformis from four sample collections were processed, and 10,659 fungal isolates were recovered. The overall colonization and isolation rates of endophytic fungi from high to low were spring > winter > autumn > summer and in different tissues were bark > needle > xylem, irrespective of sampling seasons. The colonization rates of endophytic fungi of needles increased with age in the four sample collections. There were no significant differences of the colonization rates of endophytic fungi among 1-, 2-, and 3-year-old bark and xylem, except for significantly lower colonization rates in 1-year-old bark than in 2- and 3-year-old bark in summer. A similar trend of the isolation rates of endophytic fungi occurred. A total of 24 fungal taxa were recorded, of these five taxa Alternaria alternata, Leptostroma sp., Pestalotiopsis besseyi, Phoma lingam, and Phomopsis archeri, were consistently isolated as the common fungi in each sample collection. Our results suggest that some fungi show a certain degree of tissue recurrence or specificity, and the composition of endophytic assemblages is not conspicuously influenced by the seasonal factor.

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An Endotropic Fungus in the Coniferæ

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

The Occurrence of Endophytic Fungi in Douglas-Fir Seedlings and Seed

The Occurrence of Endophytic Fungi in Douglas-Fir Seedlings and Seed

Diversity of endophytic fungi of single Norway spruce needles and their role as pioneer decomposers

Seasonal and Tissue Age Influences on Endophytic Fungi of Pinus tabulaeformis (Pinaceae) in the Dongling Mountains, Beijing

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