“…In addition to these studies, there are many studies conducted in recent years regarding customer segmentation (Chen et al, 2019;Funk et al, 2021;Abu-Bakar et al, 2021;Moon et al, 2021;Hedhilia et al, 2021;Špička & Zdeňka, 2022;Budhathoki et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2022;Caracciolo et al, 2022;Vigneau et al, 2022;Carla Kuesten et al, 2022). It has been observed that these studies on customer segmentation are mostly about organic products, food, and supplements.…”
“…In addition to these studies, there are many studies conducted in recent years regarding customer segmentation (Chen et al, 2019;Funk et al, 2021;Abu-Bakar et al, 2021;Moon et al, 2021;Hedhilia et al, 2021;Špička & Zdeňka, 2022;Budhathoki et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2022;Caracciolo et al, 2022;Vigneau et al, 2022;Carla Kuesten et al, 2022). It has been observed that these studies on customer segmentation are mostly about organic products, food, and supplements.…”
“…A higher number of solutions are based on discovering patterns in water consumption data trough clustering [112][113][114]. Dziminska et al [112] apply two clustering methods, hierarchical agglomeration and K-means, to build histograms of diurnal water consumption for apartment buildings.…”
Section: Water Consumption Patternsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They discovered at most three different consumption patterns for a single building and concluded that water use was different during work free days. Abu-Bakar, Williams and Hallett [113] discover four distinct water consumption patterns through K-means clustering and KNN classification. K-means clustering was applied after determining the optimum number o clusters (k) using the elbow method.…”
Water supply systems are essential for a modern society. This article presents an overview of the latest research related to information and communication technology systems for water resource monitoring, control and management. The main objective of our review is to show how emerging technologies offer support for smart administration of water infrastructures. The paper covers research results related to smart cities, smart water monitoring, big data, data analysis and decision support. Our evaluation reveals that there are many possible solutions generated through combinations of advanced methods. Emerging technologies open new possibilities for including new functionalities such as social involvement in water resource management. This review offers support for researchers in the area of water monitoring and management to identify useful models and technologies for designing better solutions.
“…In a recent empirical study (henceforth referred to as Study A), Abu-Bakar et al (2021b) used medium resolution smart meter data to characterise the consumption behaviours of 10,000 households in England. The study identified four clusters whose significant differences are defined by the distinction in the daily consumption patterns underpinning their peak demand.…”
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