An Empirical Test of Dual System Pathways

Herz, Denise C.; Eastman, Andrea Lane; Suthar, Himal

doi:10.1177/15412040221138042

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Further, an initial test of convergent validity demonstrated that the STRESS total severity and subscale scores were correlated with self-reported depression, as measured by the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ; Messer et al, 1995). Whereas Grasso et al (2015) validated the STRESS in a child welfare sample, extant research indicates a high frequency of overlap between juvenile justice- and child welfare system-involved youth, suggesting that these individuals may have characteristics in common (Herz & Dierkhising, 2019). As such, it is expected that empirical support for the STRESS would translate to justice-involved adolescents; however, to date, no study has investigated the psychometric properties of the STRESS in juvenile justice sample.…”

Section: Ptsd Factor Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

The Structured Trauma-Related Experiences and Symptoms Screener (STRESS): Assessing factor structure and clinical utility in a juvenile justice sample.

Weinberger¹,

Cruise²,

Auguste³

et al. 2023

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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Objective: High prevalence of traumatic event exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among justice-involved adolescents has necessitated the use of trauma screening in juvenile justice settings. The present study explored the psychometric properties, factor structure, and construct validity of a trauma screen, the Structured Trauma-Related Experiences and Symptoms Screener (STRESS), in a detained adolescent sample. Prior to the current study, psychometric characteristics of the STRESS were evaluated only in a child welfare sample (Grasso et al., 2015). Method: The sample consisted of 132 adolescents in secure detention facilities in a southeastern state. Participants were included in the study if they engaged in the mental health screening process at intake and a follow-up assessment process with facility staff psychologists. Data consisted of de-identified, archival records. Results: The STRESS total symptom and 4 criterion symptom count scores demonstrated high internal consistency. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the STRESS had excellent fit with the DSM-5 four-factor PTSD model. Equally strong evidence was found for a higher order PTSD model, thus reinforcing the use of both STRESS PTSD total and criterion symptom count scores with justice-involved adolescents. Additionally, preliminary evidence of convergent and discriminant validity was supported. Conclusions: Findings support the STRESS as a reliable and valid trauma screen for use with detained adolescents. Results suggest that both STRESS total symptom and criterion symptom count scores have clinical utility for intake-level mental health decisions in juvenile detention settings. Implications for expanding use of the STRESS to inform appropriate interventions for justice-involved adolescents are discussed. Clinical Impact StatementThis is the first known study to investigate the psychometric properties, factor structure, and construct validity of the STRESS in a juvenile justice sample of detained adolescents. Screening for trauma symptoms has become standard practice in the juvenile justice system. However, no one widely accepted, empirically supported tool exists. Establishing psychometric characteristics is critical to increase confidence in the screening process and to provide recommendations for how a screen can be used to appropriately identify adolescents in need of services. The present findings suggest that the STRESS has clinical utility for intake-level mental health decisions in secure juvenile detention settings.

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Section: Ptsd Factor Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

The Structured Trauma-Related Experiences and Symptoms Screener (STRESS): Assessing factor structure and clinical utility in a juvenile justice sample.

Weinberger¹,

Cruise²,

Auguste³

et al. 2023

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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show abstract

“…On any given day, more than 30 000 youth sleep in juvenile detention or long-term correctional facilities [ 1 ]. Attention to the poor sleeping conditions in juvenile correctional facilities has been an ongoing concern with the need for more research and evidence-based approaches to support overall youth health and well-being [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving adolescent sleep in long-term Juvenile correctional settings: case examples with clinical, research, and policy implications

Robles-Ramamurthy,

Zaki,

Sandoval

et al. 2024

Sleep Advances

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Poor sleep during adolescence is a public health concern that may be especially important to address among youth in juvenile correctional facilities, who tend to experience greater mental health challenges, substance use disorders, and traumatic stress exposure. However, evidence for addressing sleep in correctional settings is limited. Using de-identified composite clinical cases, this paper describes challenges and opportunities for addressing sleep disorders (i.e., insomnia) and promoting sleep health (i.e., improving duration, regularity, and behaviors) among adolescents in long-term juvenile correctional facilities. These clinical cases highlight common presenting problems and underscore the need for integrated sleep and mental health interventions as well as adaptations to enhance feasibility and efficacy of behavioral sleep treatment and sleep health promotion in juvenile correctional contexts. We conclude by summarizing clinical, research, and policy implications for addressing adolescent sleep problems and promoting sleep health and wellbeing in these contexts.

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“…Children in out-of-home care typically have already experienced a range of difficulties and disadvantages (Staines, 2016), which contributed to them being taken into care, and many face further challenges, including instability, a lack of support, stigma and discrimination, while in care. Moreover, being subject to criminal proceedings while in care can further increase the likelihood of a range of negative outcomes, including low educational attainment, unemployment, homelessness, substance misuse and poor emotional, physical and mental health (Ausbrooks et al, 2011;Dixon et al, 2015;Herz et al, 2012;Narey, 2016). Early involvement with youth justice agencies increases the risk of further criminal justice involvement, both in childhood and in adulthood (McAra and McVie, 2005), with concomitant negative consequences, stigmatisation and labelling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘We Need to Tackle Their Well Being First’: Understanding and Supporting Care-Experienced Girls in the Youth Justice System

Staines¹,

Fitzpatrick²,

Shaw³

et al. 2023

Youth Justice

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Despite some positive developments within policy and practice, the over-representation of care-experienced children in the youth justice system remains of significant concern globally. Moreover, there is a relative lack of research or policy focusing specifically on the needs of care-experienced girls who become involved in offending behaviour. This article presents novel findings from interviews with 17 girls and young women and eight Youth Offending Team (YOT) staff, highlighting how being in care can affect offending behaviour and how YOTs may provide support to care-experienced girls who have been inadequately supported elsewhere. Reviewing research and practice through a gendered lens helps to demonstrate how and why care-experienced girls may be escalated through justice systems at a greater rate than boys. The provision of gender-specific, trauma-informed interventions by YOTs demonstrates how focusing on care-experienced girls’ well-being first is essential if their involvement in the youth justice system is to be reduced. Nonetheless, while YOTs can plug the gaps by providing valuable support within an unsatisfactory system, youth justice intervention must not be a default option for girls in care who exhibit ‘challenging’ behaviour.

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An Empirical Test of Dual System Pathways

Cited by 5 publications

References 60 publications

The Structured Trauma-Related Experiences and Symptoms Screener (STRESS): Assessing factor structure and clinical utility in a juvenile justice sample.

The Structured Trauma-Related Experiences and Symptoms Screener (STRESS): Assessing factor structure and clinical utility in a juvenile justice sample.

Improving adolescent sleep in long-term Juvenile correctional settings: case examples with clinical, research, and policy implications

‘We Need to Tackle Their Well Being First’: Understanding and Supporting Care-Experienced Girls in the Youth Justice System

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