An empirical model based on phenological growth stage for predicting pesticide spray drift in pome fruit orchards

Holterman, H.J.; Zande, J.C. van de; Huijsmans, J.F.M.; Wenneker, M.

doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2016.08.016

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This report deals with the development of the SPEXUS model (spray drift exposure model for upward and sideways directed sprays), an empirical model to estimate downwind deposits of spray drift next to pome fruit orchards. The report offers a comprehensive description of the model published earlier as a journal paper (Holterman et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a spray drift model for spray applications in fruit orchards

Holterman¹,

Zande²,

Huijsmans³

et al. 2018

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An innovative model has been developed for downwind deposits of pesticides due to spray drift next to an orchard of pome fruit trees (apple, pear). The SPEXUS model (spray drift exposure for upward and sideways directed sprays) is an empirical model based on 20 years of experimental data of spray drift deposits for conventional cross-flow pesticide applications. The major factors affecting the deposits are downwind distance, wind speed, wind direction, air temperature, density of the tree canopy and size of the orchard. Modelling the canopy density of the trees as a continuous function of time of year is a new approach. Canopy density is uniquely related to the phenological growth stage (identified by the BBCH index). Experimentally observed features of the effects of the mentioned factors are modelled by selecting appropriate sub-models. These effects are discussed and interpreted. Modelled deposits and measured deposits were compared and gave a correlation coefficient of 86%. Drift reducing techniques were implemented using experimental data on reductions of downwind spray deposits as a function of downwind distance. The SPEXUS model forms the basis for risk assessment for exposure of aquatic organisms concerning all edge-of-field water bodies next to fruit orchards in the Netherlands.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a spray drift model for spray applications in fruit orchards

Holterman¹,

Zande²,

Huijsmans³

et al. 2018

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“…The reported spray drift data are summed in a spray drift database and are used for the development of a spray drift model for fruit crops (SPEXUS; Holterman et al, 2017Holterman et al, , 2018. The sideways-and upward directed spray drift scenario (Holterman et al, 2019) will be joined with the parameterised evaluation ditch model (Wipfler et al, 2018) and will be coupled to the parameterised drainage models.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presented data are used to develop a new spray drift model for fruit crop spraying (SPEXUS; Holterman et al, 2017).…”

Section: Structure Of Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spray drift for the assessment of exposure of aquatic organisms to plant protection products in the Netherlands : Part 2: Sideways and upward sprayed fruit and tree crops

Zande¹,

Holterman²,

Huijsmans³

et al. 2019

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As part of the Dutch authorisation procedure for pesticides an assessment of the effects on aquatic organisms in surface water adjacent to agricultural fields is required. This in turn requires an exposure assessment for these surface waters. So far, in the current Dutch authorisation procedure spray drift is the only source of exposure. For this reason, a new exposure scenario was developed, which includes also input by drainage and atmospheric deposition. The endpoint of the exposure assessment is the 90th percentile of the annual maximum concentration in all field ditches alongside fruit and avenue nursery-tree fields. In this report, the state-of-the-art of the spray drift data is described for orchard spraying and avenue nursery-tree spraying. The methodology of using a matrix structure is discussed for the assessment of spray drift deposition combining classes of Drift Reducing Technology (DRT) and width of crop free zones for sideways and upward sprayed crops (fruit crops and avenue nursery-trees).

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“…Usually the STPC is assessed by modelling. 19,21 A contour plot as shown in Fig. 5 can be generated only after a choice is made on the principle for ranking of the water bodies (see the Supporting Information for the procedure for generating such a contour plot).…”

Section: Definition Of the Spatio-temporal Population Of Concentratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual considerations on exposure assessment goals for aquatic pesticide risks at EU level

Boesten

2017

Pest Management Science

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Assessment of the risk to aquatic organisms is an important aspect of pesticide registration. This assessment must be based on well-defined exposure assessment goals (EAGs). However, these goals have not yet been defined for the EU authorization procedure. The definition of an aquatic EAG has seven elements, including: type of water body, spatial dimension of this body, spatial population of water bodies, multi-year temporal population of concentrations for a single water body, and the space-time percentile combination to be selected from the spatio-temporal population of concentrations. The seven elements are split into 16 items, three which are within the risk-management domain. The remaining 13 scientific items should preferably be based on consistency with landscape-level approaches. Subdivision of the spatial population of water bodies on the occurrence of exposure routes should be avoided (although this is current practice). The multi-year temporal population of concentrations should be based on all years in rotational crops (including years without applications). Risk managers should be offered a suite of coherent packages of EAGs and effect assessment goals from which they can select the package corresponding to the desired overall level of protection. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

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An empirical model based on phenological growth stage for predicting pesticide spray drift in pome fruit orchards

Cited by 33 publications

References 13 publications

Development of a spray drift model for spray applications in fruit orchards

Development of a spray drift model for spray applications in fruit orchards

Spray drift for the assessment of exposure of aquatic organisms to plant protection products in the Netherlands : Part 2: Sideways and upward sprayed fruit and tree crops

Conceptual considerations on exposure assessment goals for aquatic pesticide risks at EU level

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