An empirical investigation of the influence of a type of side effects on program comprehension

Dolado, José Javier; Harman, Mark; Otero, Mari Carmen; Hu, Lin

doi:10.1109/tse.2003.1214329

Cited by 44 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Immutability information is useful in many software engineering tasks, such as modeling [7], verification [30], compile-and runtime optimizations [9,25,28], refactoring [17], test input generation [1], regression oracle creation [24,32], invariant detection [15], specification mining [10], and program comprehension [13]. Three varieties of immutability guarantee are: Class immutability No instance of an immutable class may be changed; examples in Java include String and most subclasses of Number such as Integer and BigDecimal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Object and reference immutability using Java generics

Zibin

Potanin

Ali

et al. 2007

Proceedings of the the 6th Joint Meeting of the European Software Engineering Conference and the ACM SIGSOFT Symposium on the F

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A compiler-checked immutability guarantee provides useful documentation, facilitates reasoning, and enables optimizations. This paper presents Immutability Generic Java (IGJ), a novel language extension that expresses immutability without changing Java's syntax by building upon Java's generics and annotation mechanisms. In IGJ, each class has one additional type parameter that is Mutable, Immutable, or ReadOnly. IGJ guarantees both reference immutability (only mutable references can mutate an object) and object immutability (an immutable reference points to an immutable object). IGJ is the first proposal for enforcing object immutability within Java's syntax and type system, and its reference immutability is more expressive than previous work. IGJ also permits covariant changes of type parameters in a type-safe manner, e.g., a readonly list of integers is a subtype of a readonly list of numbers. IGJ extends Java's type system with a few simple rules. We formalize this type system and prove it sound. Our IGJ compiler works by typeerasure and generates byte-code that can be executed on any JVM without runtime penalty.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Object and reference immutability using Java generics

Zibin

Potanin

Ali

et al. 2007

Proceedings of the the 6th Joint Meeting of the European Software Engineering Conference and the ACM SIGSOFT Symposium on the F

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“…The benchmarks came from the JKit [29] compiler suite and together with OwnKit are available for download 1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whilst this provides flexibility of implementation, it presents a number of challenges for both programmers and automated tools [1], [2]. This is because reasoning about such programs is difficult without a strong understanding of where and when aliasing may occur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

OwnKit: Inferring Modularly Checkable Ownership Annotations for Java

Dymnikov

Pearce

Potanin

2013

2013 22nd Australian Software Engineering Conference

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Abstract-Ownership and related systems impose restrictions on the object graph that can help improve program structure, exploit concurrency and verify software. Such systems rely on the presence of appropriate ownership annotations in the source code. Unfortunately, manually adding ownership annotations to legacy systems is a tedious process. Previous attempts at automatically inferring such ownership systems do not produce modularly checkable annotations (i.e. which allow classes to be checked in isolation) making them difficult to incorporate into day-today development. In this paper, we present OwnKit -a system for automatically inferring ownership annotations which are modularly checkable. We describe and evaluate our approach on a number of real-world benchmarks and compare against an existing system.

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“…The other is a time management application ("Time keeper" in Table I). Each trial in the experiment was conducted in a crossover way as defined in the article [3]. The spreadsheet application had a format prepared for recording defects.…”

Section: B Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Exploratory Study on the Impact of Usage of Screenshot in Software Inspection Recording Activity

Sasaki

Morisaki

Matsumoto

2011

2011 Joint Conference of the 21st International Workshop on Software Measurement and the 6th International Conference on Softwa

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Abstract-This paper describes an exploratory study on the use of screenshots for recording software inspection activities such as defect reproduction and correction. Although detected defects are usually recorded in writing, using screenshots to record detected defects should decrease the percentage of irreproducible defects and the time needed to reproduce defects during the defect correction phase. An experiment was conducted to clarify the efficiency of using screenshots to record detected defects. One practitioner group and two student groups participated in the experiment. The recorder in each group used a prototype support tool for capturing screenshots during the experiment. Each group conducted two trials: one with a general spreadsheet application to support recording, the other with the prototype tool that supports recording inspection activities. After the inspection meeting, the recorder was asked to reproduce the recorded defects. The percentage of reproduce defects and time to reproduce defects was measured. The results of the experiment show that use of screenshots increases the percentage of reproduced defects and decreases the time needed to reproduce the defects. The results also indicate that use of the recording tool affected the types of defects.

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An empirical investigation of the influence of a type of side effects on program comprehension

Cited by 44 publications

References 13 publications

Object and reference immutability using Java generics

Object and reference immutability using Java generics

OwnKit: Inferring Modularly Checkable Ownership Annotations for Java

An Exploratory Study on the Impact of Usage of Screenshot in Software Inspection Recording Activity

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