An Empirical Equation for Estimation of Kinematic Viscosity of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters and Biodiesel

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Viscosity is an important physical property of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and biodiesel (mixture of FAMEs). In this work, quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) for estimation of dynamic viscosity of FAMEs and biodiesel is approached via the Gibbs energy additivity method. The Gibbs energy of dynamic viscous flow is simply derived from the sum of the Gibbs energy of kinematic viscous flow and Gibbs energy of volumetric expansion. The derived model can be used for estimation of dynamic viscosity of saturated and unsaturated FAMEs commonly found in nature. Also, the proposed model can be extended to a mixture of FAMEs or biodiesel as well as biodiesel blends. Thus, the dynamic viscosity of FAMEs as well as neat and blended biodiesels can be estimated by the same equation from the carbon number (z) and number of double bonds (nd) at different temperature (T). The average absolute deviation (AAD) values for saturated, unsaturated FAMEs, biodiesels, and biodiesel blends (at 20–100 °C) are approximately the same as the original model for estimation of kinematic viscosity.

“…The Bias and AAD were not very different from those obtained from Eq. 10 for kinematic viscosity [16]. Accordingly, it might be concluded that the six numeric coefficients of Eq.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…6 or 9 are generally determined by multiple linear regressions against the experimental values. The values given by Phankosol et al [4,16] for kinematic viscosity and density are shown in Eqs. 10 and 11, Equation 12 is obtained by combining Eqs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Additivity Approaches to QSPR Modeling in Estimation of Dynamic Viscosity of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester and Biodiesel

Krisnangkura

Aryusuk

Phankosol

et al. 2016

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“…In addition, many physical properties of FAME and biodiesel were correlated to their z and n d via GEA method. These properties were molecular compressibility ( k m ) (Krisanangkura et al, 2019), isentropic compressibility ( k s ) (Krisanangkura et al, 2018); density (ρ) (Phankosol et al, 2014a), surface tension (Phankosol et al, 2014b), kinematic viscosity (μ) (Phankosol et al, 2015), dynamic viscosity (η) (Krisnangkura et al, 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlating the Speed of Sound with the Gibbs Energy and Estimating the Speed of Sound in Fatty Acid Methyl Ester and Biodiesel

Cheewaphan

Chuensumran

Phankosol

et al. 2021

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The relationship between the speed of sound (u) in biodiesel and the change in Gibbs energy (ΔG) has not been described in the literature. With the Gibbs energy additivity method, the relationship between u and ΔG can be expressed as ln(u2) = ΔG/RT + A, where R is the universal gas constant, T is the absolute temperature, and A is a constant. The molecule of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) was arbitrarily sub‐divided into groups of atoms and a ΔG was assigned to each group of atoms. A new model correlating the speed of sound to the structure of fatty acid was derived. The proposed model was good for estimation of the speed of sound in both FAME and biodiesel at various temperatures with good accuracy. The absolute average deviations for the speed of sound in FAME (65 data points) and in biodiesel (175 data points) were 0.23% and 0.36%, respectively. Only the number of double bonds and carbon atoms of the fatty acid are required for the calculation.

“…In addition, the correlation was successfully applied in predicting four binary biodiesel blends (Chavarria‐Hernandez and Pacheco‐Catalán, ). Phankosol et al proposed a correlation for estimation of kinematic viscosity of FAME and biodiesel as a function of the number of carbon atoms, the number of double bonds, and temperature (Phankosol et al, ). Meng et al used artificial neural networks in predicting the viscosity of biodiesel as a function of the viscosity of pure FAME.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Predictive Correlation for Dynamic Viscosity of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters and Biodiesel

Roosta

Bardool

2019

The viscosity of biodiesel, which is a mixture of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), is an important physical property in the injection and efficient combustion. In this study, a simple correlation, with only one adjustable parameter, is proposed for predicting the viscosity of FAME and their mixtures (biodiesel) as a function of temperature. First, the adjustable parameter of the correlation is calculated for various FAME. The average absolute relative deviation (AARD) is obtained to be 0.97% for 226 data points. Second, the adjustable parameter of FAME is connected to the number of carbon atoms and the number of double bonds to build a predictive correlation for the calculation of viscosity. The AARD for 226 data points is obtained to be 2.28%. Third, the proposed model is employed to predict the viscosity of biodiesel without introducing any new adjustable parameter. To predict the viscosity of biodiesel, the average of the adjustable parameter is applied to the correlation. The AARD of 2.96% is obtained for 185 data points comprised of 23 different biodiesels. To better understand the ability of the correlation in the estimation of the viscosity of biodiesel and FAME, a comparison is made between the present correlation and a number of correlations available in the literature.