An Emergency Evacuation Planning Model for Special Needs Populations Using Public Transit Systems

Kaisar, Evangelos I.; Hess, Linda; Palomo, Alicia Benazir Portal

doi:10.5038/2375-0901.15.2.3

Cited by 38 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…), STOM requires a traffic model to compute a pedestrian travel speed according to the number of pedestrians crossing the arc (corridor, passage, etc.). In general, a given evacuation problem (preventive or during the crisis) requires determining the evacuation network (fixed or progressive depending on time), the issues to be evacuated and the safety points to which evacuees will be directed and distributed (Kaisar et al, 2012). The feasibility of an evacuation plan still faces two challenges related to the behavior of evacuees: respect for evacuation routes and departure dates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A spatiotemporal optimization model for the evacuation of the population exposed to flood hazard

Alaeddine¹,

Serrhini²,

Maïzia³

et al. 2015

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Managing the crisis caused by natural disasters, and especially by floods, requires the development of effective evacuation systems. An effective evacuation system must take into account certain constraints, including those related to traffic network, accessibility, human resources and material equipment (vehicles, collecting points, etc.). The main objective of this work is to provide assistance to technical services and rescue forces in terms of accessibility by offering itineraries relating to rescue and evacuation of people and property. We consider in this paper the evacuation of an urban area of medium size exposed to the hazard of flood. In case of inundation, most people will be evacuated using their own vehicles. Two evacuation types are addressed in this paper: (1) a preventive evacuation based on a flood forecasting system and (2) an evacuation during the disaster based on flooding scenarios. The two study sites on which the developed evacuation model is applied are the Tours valley (Fr, 37), which is protected by a set of dikes (preventive evacuation), and the Gien valley (Fr, 45), which benefits from a low rate of flooding (evacuation before and during the disaster). Our goal is to construct, for each of these two sites, a chronological evacuation plan, i.e., computing for each individual the departure date and the path to reach the assembly point (also called shelter) according to a priority list established for this purpose. The evacuation plan must avoid the congestion on the road network. Here we present a spatiotemporal optimization model (STOM) dedicated to the evacuation of the population exposed to natural disasters and more specifically to flood risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A spatiotemporal optimization model for the evacuation of the population exposed to flood hazard

Alaeddine¹,

Serrhini²,

Maïzia³

et al. 2015

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Kaisar et al [39] developed a linear programming optimization model to determine the optimum location for evacuation centers. They used a microscopic traffic simulation model.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

An optimization model for evacuating people with disability in extreme disaster conditions: A case study

2021

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The increasing severity and frequency of disasters have posed major challenges for people. Amongst, the risks of fatalities and injuries of people with disabilities (PWDs) have significantly increased. The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) initiated a movement to create a "disability-accessible and inclusive environment", which highlighted the problems PWDs faced during disasters. One of the most important issues is to provide evacuation and accommodation according to the special needs of PWDs. In this study, a mixedinteger linear programming (MILP) model is proposed to pick up PWDs from different locations and transfer them to shelters. Throughout this research, diverse disabilities, heterogonous vehicles, compatibility types of disabilities and vehicles, multi-depot, and adept and amateur operators are considered to help evacuate PWDs. Also, 27 problems are solved to examine the efficacy of (μ+1) Evolutionary algorithm (EA) in large-scale problems. Subsequently, a real case study with 500 nodes (including pick-up, shelter, and depot nodes) is analyzed. The computational results illustrate that by adding small-sized (car) and mediumsized (van) vehicles to the current fleet, the time for tours traveled significantly reduces. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to prepare some managerial implications for crisis managers during the occurrence of disasters to help PWDs during evacuation.

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“…Such an assumption is still unrealistic as the true arrival process is probabilistic. A linear programming mathematical model using binary variables was developed in [16] to select the most suitable location and the number of bus stops.…”

Section: Collection Of Evacuees At Pickup Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Transit-Based Evacuation Strategies in an Integrated Network Topology

Adhikari

Dhamala

2020

Nepali Math. Sci. Rep.

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Evacuation planning problem deals with sending the maximum number of evacuees from the danger zone to the safe zone in minimum time as eciently as possible. The dynamic network flow models for various evacuation network topology have been found suitable for the solution of such a problem. Bus based evacuation planning problem (BEPP), as an important variant of the vehicle routing problem (VRP), is one of the emerging evacuation planning problems. In this work, an organized overview of this problem with a focus on their solution status is compactly presented. Arrival patterns of the evacuees including their transshipments at different pickup locations and their assignments are presented. Finally, a BEPP model and a solution for a special network are also proposed.

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An Emergency Evacuation Planning Model for Special Needs Populations Using Public Transit Systems

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 38 publications

References 12 publications

A spatiotemporal optimization model for the evacuation of the population exposed to flood hazard

A spatiotemporal optimization model for the evacuation of the population exposed to flood hazard

An optimization model for evacuating people with disability in extreme disaster conditions: A case study

On the Transit-Based Evacuation Strategies in an Integrated Network Topology

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