In this study, a self-degrading hydrogel was formed by
free-radical-initiated
copolymerization, which can be used for oil and gas well strip pressure
operations. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear
magnetic resonance (1H NMR), scanning electron microscopy
(SEM), and thermogravimetry–mass spectrometry (TGA-MS) were
used to study the reaction mechanism as well as the microstructure
of the gels. Then, the effects of the four factors and their interactions
on gel degradation time were determined by central composite design
(CCD). Then, the effects of copolymer concentration, cross-linker,
initiator, and reaction temperature and their interactions on gel
degradation time were determined by central composite design (CCD),
and the corresponding second-order polynomial models were generated.
Finally, the gelation conditions were optimized by a response surface
methodology and verified by degradation experiments. Both FTIR and 1H NMR indicated that the gel was formed by a copolymerization
reaction between the monomer and the cross-linker. SEM showed that
the gel structure collapsed, which was caused by the poor mechanical
properties of the gel, but it was also able to withstand some wellbore
pressure and degraded more easily. TGA–MS showed that the gel
possessed good degradation properties. In addition, analysis of variance
(ANOVA) showed that the second-order polynomial model was highly significant.
The results also showed that the expected values of the gelation conditions
optimized by the response surface methodology did not differ significantly
from the actual values. The degradation model can be used to predict
the degradation time of the gel and optimization of gelation conditions.
This study can help petroleum engineers in applying self-degrading
gels to seal the wellbore pressure.