An Embryo-Defective Mutant of Arabidopsis Disrupted in the Final Step of Biotin Synthesis

Patton, David A.; Schetter, Amy L.; Franzmann, Linda H.; Nelson, Karin; Ward, Eric; Meinke, David W.

doi:10.1104/pp.116.3.935

Cited by 94 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…It is possible that LeCOI1 regulates the synthesis of a vitamin or cofactor that requires transport from maternal tissues to the developing embryo, similar to the role of biotin synthesis in Arabidopsis embryogenesis (Patton et al, 1998). Alternatively, COI1 may promote the accumulation of proteins that supply reproductive tissues with sources of carbon or nitrogen.…”

Section: Role Of Coi1 In Tomato Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Tomato Homolog of CORONATINE-INSENSITIVE1 Is Required for the Maternal Control of Seed Maturation, Jasmonate-Signaled Defense Responses, and Glandular Trichome Development[W]

et al. 2004

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Jasmonic acid (JA) is a fatty acid-derived signaling molecule that regulates a broad range of plant defense responses against herbivores and some microbial pathogens. Molecular genetic studies in Arabidopsis have established that JA also performs a critical role in anther and pollen development but is not essential for other developmental aspects of the plant's life cycle. Here, we describe the phenotypic and molecular characterization of a sterile mutant of tomato ( jasmonic acidinsensitive1 [ jai1 ]) that is defective in JA signaling. Although the mutant exhibited reduced pollen viability, sterility was caused by a defect in the maternal control of seed maturation, which was associated with the loss of accumulation of JAregulated proteinase inhibitor proteins in reproductive tissues. jai1 plants exhibited several defense-related phenotypes, including the inability to express JA-responsive genes, severely compromised resistance to two-spotted spider mites, and abnormal development of glandular trichomes. We demonstrate that these defects are caused by the loss of function of the tomato homolog of CORONATINE-INSENSITIVE1 (COI1), an F-box protein that is required for JA-signaled processes in Arabidopsis. These findings indicate that the JA/COI1 signaling pathway regulates distinct developmental processes in different plants and suggest a role for JA in the promotion of glandular trichome-based defenses.

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Section: Role Of Coi1 In Tomato Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Tomato Homolog of CORONATINE-INSENSITIVE1 Is Required for the Maternal Control of Seed Maturation, Jasmonate-Signaled Defense Responses, and Glandular Trichome Development[W]

et al. 2004

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“…However, it is notoriously difficult to rescue embryos arrested at such an early stage of development and may rely on the generation of embryos that can at least reach the globular to heart stage transition (50).…”

Section: Vitamin B6 Biosynthesis In Plants Occurs Independent Of Deoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin B6 biosynthesis in higher plants

Tambasco-Studart

Titiz²,

Raschle³

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

212

260

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Vitamin B6 is an essential metabolite in all organisms. It can act as a coenzyme for numerous metabolic enzymes and has recently been shown to be a potent antioxidant. Plants and microorganisms have a de novo biosynthetic pathway for vitamin B6, but animals must obtain it from dietary sources. In Escherichia coli, it is known that the vitamin is derived from deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate (an intermediate in the nonmevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis) and 4-phosphohydroxy-L-threonine. It has been assumed that vitamin B6 is synthesized in the same way in plants, but this hypothesis has never been experimentally proven. Here, we show that, in plants, synthesis of the vitamin takes an entirely different route, which does not involve deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate but instead utilizes intermediates from the pentose phosphate pathway, i.e., ribose 5-phosphate or ribulose 5-phosphate, and from glycolysis, i.e., dihydroxyacetone phosphate or glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. The revelation is based on the recent discovery that, in bacteria and fungi, a novel pathway is in place that involves two genes (PDX1 and PDX2), neither of which is homologous to any of those involved in the previously doctrined E. coli pathway. We demonstrate that Arabidopsis thaliana has two functional homologs of PDX1 and a single homolog of PDX2. Furthermore, and contrary to what was inferred previously, we show that the pathway appears to be cytosolic and is not localized to the plastid. Last, we report that the single PDX2 homolog is essential for plant viability.Arabidopsis ͉ isoprenoid ͉ pyridoxine ͉ deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate V itamin B6 is well renowned in the medical field for being involved in more bodily functions than any other single nutrient. The vitamin exists in various forms, i.e., pyridoxal, pyridoxine, pyridoxamine, and their phosphorylated derivatives. As pyridoxal 5Ј-phosphate, it is an essential cofactor for numerous metabolic enzymes including amino acid metabolism and antibiotic biosynthesis. Most interestingly, it has recently been found that the vitamin is a potent antioxidant with a particular ability to quench reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and singlet oxygen (1, 2). The de novo biosynthesis of vitamin B6 takes place in microorganisms and plants, but this ability has been lost in animals, making it essential in the human diet.Despite the vitamin's obvious physiological and pharmaceutical importance, its biosynthesis has predominantly been studied in the Gram-negative bacterium, Escherichia coli, where it is derived from deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate (DXP, an intermediate in the nonmevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis) and 4-phosphohydroxy-L-threonine (refs. 3-7 and Scheme 1). Astonishingly, although plants are a major source of vitamin B6 in the human diet, our understanding of the pathway therein is very limited and has been assumed to be derived the same way as in E. coli. There is one preliminary study that reports on its biosynthesis in spinach (8), whereas other, more in-depth studies have addressed the...

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“…Sequence analysis disclosed that the Arabidopsis protein number 61 does contain this conserved tetrapeptide sequence, strongly suggesting that it might be biotinylated in vivo. Biotin is a vitamin required by all forms of life, being the cofactor of several housekeeping carboxylases (Patton et al, 1998;Alban et al, 2000). Because soybean SMP (Hsing et al, 1998) and pea SBP65 (Duval et al, 1994b) exhibit strictly seed-specific accumulation patterns and do not exhibit any known biotin-dependent enzyme activity, it has been proposed that they may play a role in sequestering biotin late in embryogenesis for subsequent use during germination (Alban et al, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic Analysis of Arabidopsis Seed Germination and Priming

et al. 2001

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To better understand seed germination, a complex developmental process, we developed a proteome analysis of the model plant Arabidopsis for which complete genome sequence is now available. Among about 1,300 total seed proteins resolved in two-dimensional gels, changes in the abundance (up-and down-regulation) of 74 proteins were observed during germination sensu stricto (i.e. prior to radicle emergence) and the radicle protrusion step. This approach was also used to analyze protein changes occurring during industrial seed pretreatments such as priming that accelerate seed germination and improve seedling uniformity. Several proteins were identified by matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. Some of them had previously been shown to play a role during germination and/or priming in several plant species, a finding that underlines the usefulness of using Arabidopsis as a model system for molecular analysis of seed quality. Furthermore, the present study, carried out at the protein level, validates previous results obtained at the level of gene expression (e.g. from quantitation of differentially expressed mRNAs or analyses of promoter/reporter constructs). Finally, this approach revealed new proteins associated with the different phases of seed germination and priming. Some of them are involved either in the imbibition process of the seeds (such as an actin isoform or a WD-40 repeat protein) or in the seed dehydration process (e.g. cytosolic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase). These facts highlight the power of proteomics to unravel specific features of complex developmental processes such as germination and to detect protein markers that can be used to characterize seed vigor of commercial seed lots and to develop and monitor priming treatments.

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An Embryo-Defective Mutant of Arabidopsis Disrupted in the Final Step of Biotin Synthesis

Cited by 94 publications

References 72 publications

The Tomato Homolog of CORONATINE-INSENSITIVE1 Is Required for the Maternal Control of Seed Maturation, Jasmonate-Signaled Defense Responses, and Glandular Trichome Development[W]

The Tomato Homolog of CORONATINE-INSENSITIVE1 Is Required for the Maternal Control of Seed Maturation, Jasmonate-Signaled Defense Responses, and Glandular Trichome Development[W]

Vitamin B6 biosynthesis in higher plants

Proteomic Analysis of Arabidopsis Seed Germination and Priming

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