An ELISA Platform for the Quantitative Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RBD-neutralizing Antibodies As an Alternative to Monitoring of the Virus-Neutralizing Activity

Kostin, N. N.; Бобик, Т. В.; Skryabin, George A.; Simonova, Mariya A.; Knorre, V. D.; Abrikosova, V. A.; Mokrushina, Yuliana A.; Смирнов, Иван; Aleshenko, Natalia L.; Kruglova, Natalia; Mazurov, Dmitry V.; Никитин, А. В.; Gabibov, Alexander

doi:10.32607/actanaturae.11776

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…To assess the contribution of barnase to the neutralizing activity of the P4A1-LB drug, we obtained the P4A1-L drug by covalently modifying the outer surface of empty liposomes with the P4A1 antibody. The neutralizing activity of the obtained drugs, as well as the intact P4A1 antibody, was assessed in a pseudoviral system using SARS-CoV-2 S protein-pseudotyped lentiviruses encoding firefly luciferase (Luc) [ 10 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunoliposomes As a Promising Antiviral Agent against SARS-CoV-2

Bobik,

Simonova,

Rushkevich

et al. 2024

Dokl Biochem Biophys

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According to the World Health Organization, as of January 3, 2020 to September 13, 2023, there were approximately 23 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 reported in the Russian Federation, about 400 thousand of which were fatal. Considering the high rate of mutation of the RNA-containing virus genome, which inevitably leads to the emergence of new infectious strains (Eris and Pyrola), the search for medicinal antiviral agents remains an urgent task. Moreover, taking into account the actively mutating receptor-binding domain, this task requires fundamentally new solutions. This study proposes a candidate immunoliposomal drug that targets the S protein of SARS-CoV-2 by the monoclonal neutralizing antibody P4A1 and ensures the penetration of a highly active ribonuclease into the virus-infected cell, which degrades, among cellular RNA, viral RNA too. We demonstrate a more than 40-fold increase in the neutralizing activity of the developed drug compared to the free monoclonal neutralizing antibody.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neutralizing activity was assessed using pseudotyped lentiviruses carrying the SARS-CoV-2 S protein [ 9 ] as described in [ 10 ] using P4A1 antibody solutions of known concentration as a control. Serial samples of the analyzed liposomal drugs were prepared by diluting the studied drugs in DMEM with 10% FBS.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoliposomes As a Promising Antiviral Agent against SARS-CoV-2

Bobik,

Simonova,

Rushkevich

et al. 2024

Dokl Biochem Biophys

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“…Competitive ELISA with S1 or RBD-specific binding antibodies is commonly used for neutralizing antibody detection. Because ACE2 has the best binding affinity with RBD, the RBD-ACE2 neutralization activity of serum is nearly equivalent to the virus neutralization activity of its antibodies [67,118]. Therefore, RBD-specific binding antibodies can be used to assess the level of nAbs in individuals immunized with the COVID-19 vaccine.…”

Section: Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test (Svnt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Assays Used in Clinical Trials: A Narrative Review

Sun,

Huang,

Xiang

et al. 2024

Vaccines

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Since the emergence of COVID-19, extensive research efforts have been undertaken to accelerate the development of multiple types of vaccines to combat the pandemic. These include inactivated, recombinant subunit, viral vector, and nucleic acid vaccines. In the development of these diverse vaccines, appropriate methods to assess vaccine immunogenicity are essential in both preclinical and clinical studies. Among the biomarkers used in vaccine evaluation, the neutralizing antibody level serves as a pivotal indicator for assessing vaccine efficacy. Neutralizing antibody detection methods can mainly be classified into three types: the conventional virus neutralization test, pseudovirus neutralization test, and surrogate virus neutralization test. Importantly, standardization of these assays is critical for their application to yield results that are comparable across different laboratories. The development and use of international or regional standards would facilitate assay standardization and facilitate comparisons of the immune responses induced by different vaccines. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the principles, advantages, limitations, and application of different SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assays in vaccine clinical trials. This will provide guidance for the development and evaluation of COVID-19 vaccines.

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Section: Molecular Interaction Assays Miasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The importance and advantages of the use of MIAs instead of mere quantitative measurement of RBD-specific antibodies have been reported previously [ 112 ]. Although convalescent patients or vaccinated subjects had comparable concentrations of RBD-specific IgG in serum samples, their capacity to inhibit RBD–ACE binding showed relevant differences [ 112 ]. Accordingly, the measurement of blocking antibodies by MIAs only, not the mere measurement of RBD-specific antibody levels, can be informative regarding the levels of protection against further infections.…”

Section: Molecular Interaction Assays Miasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance, Applications and Features of Assays Measuring SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies

Gattinger

Ohradanova‐Repic

Valenta

2023

IJMS

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More than three years ago, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused the unforeseen COVID-19 pandemic with millions of deaths. In the meantime, SARS-CoV-2 has become endemic and is now part of the repertoire of viruses causing seasonal severe respiratory infections. Due to several factors, among them the development of SARS-CoV-2 immunity through natural infection, vaccination and the current dominance of seemingly less pathogenic strains belonging to the omicron lineage, the COVID-19 situation has stabilized. However, several challenges remain and the possible new occurrence of highly pathogenic variants remains a threat. Here we review the development, features and importance of assays measuring SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). In particular we focus on in vitro infection assays and molecular interaction assays studying the binding of the receptor binding domain (RBD) with its cognate cellular receptor ACE2. These assays, but not the measurement of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies per se, can inform us of whether antibodies produced by convalescent or vaccinated subjects may protect against the infection and thus have the potential to predict the risk of becoming newly infected. This information is extremely important given the fact that a considerable number of subjects, in particular vulnerable persons, respond poorly to the vaccination with the production of neutralizing antibodies. Furthermore, these assays allow to determine and evaluate the virus-neutralizing capacity of antibodies induced by vaccines and administration of plasma-, immunoglobulin preparations, monoclonal antibodies, ACE2 variants or synthetic compounds to be used for therapy of COVID-19 and assist in the preclinical evaluation of vaccines. Both types of assays can be relatively quickly adapted to newly emerging virus variants to inform us about the magnitude of cross-neutralization, which may even allow us to estimate the risk of becoming infected by newly appearing virus variants. Given the paramount importance of the infection and interaction assays we discuss their specific features, possible advantages and disadvantages, technical aspects and not yet fully resolved issues, such as cut-off levels predicting the degree of in vivo protection.

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An ELISA Platform for the Quantitative Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RBD-neutralizing Antibodies As an Alternative to Monitoring of the Virus-Neutralizing Activity

Cited by 5 publications

References 28 publications

Immunoliposomes As a Promising Antiviral Agent against SARS-CoV-2

Immunoliposomes As a Promising Antiviral Agent against SARS-CoV-2

SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Assays Used in Clinical Trials: A Narrative Review

Importance, Applications and Features of Assays Measuring SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies

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