An ELISA for the detection of serum antibodies to both transmissible gastroenteritis virus and porcine respiratory coronavirus

Paton, David; Brown, IH; Vaz, Eliana Knackfuss

doi:10.1016/0007-1935(91)90010-k

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The high incidence of SN antibodies against the UF-1 strain of PRCV isolated from the weaner pig was observed throughout the 4-year examination period (Table 3). Conventional serological assays such as SN tests have not differentiated between PRCV and TGEV [3,18,23]. We confirmed this fact based on the absence of a significant difference between the SN antibody titers against both viruses (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Prevalence and Source of Trypanosome Infections in Field-Captured Vector Flies (Glossina pallidipes) in Southeastern Zambia

Usami

Fukai

Ichikawa

et al. 2008

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. We detected transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) antibodies in pig farms in Tochigi prefecture, although the farms had no past record of TGEV vaccination or TGE. Among the farms, Farm A showed a high antibody incidence. We could not confirm if either TGEV or porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) induced the antibodies, since conventional tests failed to discriminate PRCV from TGEV. Therefore, we conducted virological and serological examinations of this farm for 4 years to establish the etiology -TGEV or PRCV. Although no TGEV was detected, PRCVs were isolated from the nasal samples of pigs. Using a commercial ELISA kit, it was found that the antibodies detected in pigs of all the raising stages and sows were raised against PRCV but not TGEV. The phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the isolates showed that they were closely related to each other, and formed a separate cluster apart from the U.S.A. and European strains. In Cesarean-derived, colostrums-deprived piglets inoculated with a PRCV isolate, no clinical signs were seen, and the viruses were mainly isolated from the nasal samples. Moreover, viral genes were detected from the nasal sample of the contact pig. The result suggested that PRCV infection was located in the nasal cavity of pigs, and horizontal transmission easily occurs. From these results, PRCVs with different origins from the exotic PRCVs might be prevalent in pig farms in Japan.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Prevalence and Source of Trypanosome Infections in Field-Captured Vector Flies (Glossina pallidipes) in Southeastern Zambia

Usami

Fukai

Ichikawa

et al. 2008

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…6 These authors proposed that epitope A, subsite Ab, plays a dominant role in the induction of TGEV-neutralizing (protective) antibodies. In contrast, others 16 found no significant correlation between VN antibody titers and blocking ELISA titers to common S protein epitopes of porcine, feline, and canine coronaviruses. The present study shows a strong positive correlation between epitope A seroconversion and VN titers and a low to moderate correlation between epitope D seroconversion and VN titers (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Blocking or competition ELISAs have been used by several authors, with TGEV as the coating antigen. 2,3,5,10,16,24,29 Although several tests have been developed to differentiate TGEV from PRCV seroconversion, to date only a few serologic surveys have been conducted nationally. 2,5 The existence of at least four antigenic sites (A, B, C, D) located at the N-terminus of the mature S protein has been described for TGEV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the Baculovirus-Expressed S Glycoprotein of Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus (TGEV) as Antigen in a Competition ELISA to Differentiate Porcine Respiratory Coronavirus from TGEV Antibodies in Pigs

Sestak¹,

Zhou²,

Shoup³

et al. 1999

J VET Diagn Invest

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Abstract. The spike (S) glycoprotein of the Miller strain of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) was recently cloned and expressed in baculovirus. The recombinant S protein was used as the coating antigen in a competition (blocking) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in combination with monoclonal antibodies to the S protein epitope A (conserved on TGEV and porcine respiratory coronavirus [PRCV]) or epitope D (present on TGEV only) to differentiate PRCV-from TGEV-induced antibodies. One set (set A) of 125 serum samples were collected at different times after inoculation of caesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived (n ϭ 52) and conventional young pigs (n ϭ 73) with 1 of the 2 porcine coronaviruses or uninoculated negative controls (TGEV/PRCV/negative ϭ 75/30/20). A second set (set B) of 63 serum samples originated from adult sows inoculated with PRCV and the recombinant TGEV S protein or with mock-protein control and then exposed to virulent TGEV after challenge of their litters. Sera from set A were used to assess the accuracy indicators (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy) of the fixed-cell blocking ELISA, which uses swine testicular cells infected with the M6 strain of TGEV as the antigen source (ELISA 1) and the newly developed ELISA based on the recombinant S protein as antigen (ELISA 2). The sera from set B (adults) were tested for comparison. The plaque reduction virus neutralization test was used as a confirmatory test for the presence of antibodies to TGEV/PRCV in the test sera. The accuracy indicators for both ELISAs suggest that differential diagnosis can be of practical use at least 3 weeks after inoculation by testing the dual (acute/convalescent) samples from each individual in conjunction with another confirmatory (virus neutralization) antibody assay to provide valid and complete differentiation information. Moreover, whereas ELISA 1 had 10-20% false positive results to epitope D for PRCV-infected pigs (set A samples), no false-positive results to epitope D occurred using ELISA 2, indicating its greater specificity. The progression of seroresponses to the TGEV S protein epitopes A or D, as measured by the 2 ELISAs, was similar for both sets (A and B) of samples. Differentiation between TGEV and PRCV antibodies (based on seroresponses to epitope D) was consistently measured after the third week of inoculation.Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), a prominent cause of neonatal diarrhea, causes death in 90-100% of seronegative pigs under 2 weeks of age and costs the US swine industry nearly $200 million/ year. 15,19 Surveys of TGEV antibodies in swine sera collected prior to the detection of porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) indicated that 19-54% of swine herds in North America have antibodies, 17 but few differential serosurveys have been done since the detection of PRCV. 32 A variant of TGEV, referred to as PRCV, was isolated from pigs in Europe in 1986 and identified in the USA in 1989. 15,18,19 As reported from Iowa swine herds, a recent increase observed in TGEV/PRCV seropre...

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“…Differential serodiagnosis of both infections is now possible by competitive-inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using TGEV-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). 5,7,21 VNT is used as the first step in the serodiagnosis of both infections because the competitive differential ELISAs are more suitable for diagnosis on a herd basis rather than in individuals because of their limited sensitivity. 7 VNT, despite its great reliability, is time consuming and not suitable for testing large numbers of sera.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of a Monoclonal Antibody Capture ELISA (MACELISA) to Indirect ELISA and Virus Neutralization Test for the Serodiagnosis of Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus

et al. 1993

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An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in which the antigen is captured to the plate by monoclonal antibodies (MACELISA) was developed for the detection of antibodies to transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). The viral antigen was semipurified from TGEV-infected cells by simple ultracentrifugation. MACELISA results with 258 field sera were compared with those of a standard indirect ELISA and with the virus neutralization test (VNT). Sensitivity, specificity, and kappa values of MACELISA indicated a strong correlation with VNT results, whereas an indirect ELISA was less sensitive and much less specific than VNT. The serologic response of 4 pigs orally inoculated and intraperitoneally boostered with TGEV was compared using the 3 tests. Its sensitivity, specificity, and ability to use unpurified antigen make the MACELISA the advisable first step in TGEV serodiagnosis.

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An ELISA for the detection of serum antibodies to both transmissible gastroenteritis virus and porcine respiratory coronavirus

Abstract: A competition ELISA utilizing a mAb directed towards a peplomer protein epitope common to TGEV, PRCV and related feline and canine coronaviruses is described.

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Prevalence and Source of Trypanosome Infections in Field-Captured Vector Flies (Glossina pallidipes) in Southeastern Zambia

Prevalence and Source of Trypanosome Infections in Field-Captured Vector Flies (Glossina pallidipes) in Southeastern Zambia

Evaluation of the Baculovirus-Expressed S Glycoprotein of Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus (TGEV) as Antigen in a Competition ELISA to Differentiate Porcine Respiratory Coronavirus from TGEV Antibodies in Pigs

Comparison of a Monoclonal Antibody Capture ELISA (MACELISA) to Indirect ELISA and Virus Neutralization Test for the Serodiagnosis of Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus

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