An electrostatic separator for heavy recoil nuclei

Dahlinger, M.; Bonin, W.; Kankeleit, E.; Backe, H.

doi:10.1016/0167-5087(84)90223-0

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…These distributions could be compared with the measured ones available from the literature to appreciate the validity of such simulations. However, one should mention that in this approach [16], as well as in those considered above [3][4][5][11][12][13][14], no comparisons of the simulated distributions with measured ones are presented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The calculated angular distributions were used for estimates of the performance of the recoil separator SHIP installed at the UNILAC accelerator in Darmstadt [3,4]. Later, simple formulae for estimates of parameters of angular and energy distributions for heavy ERs produced in compound nucleus (CN) reactions were published [5]. Those formulae imply a Gaussian form of angular and energy spreading for ERs due to light-particle emission from the CN followed by multiple scattering (MS) and energy loss of the ER in a target of finite thickness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerical implementation of the formulae presented in Ref. [5] with the use of the systematics of nuclear temperature inherent in (HI, xn) reactions [6] for estimates of the kinetic energy of emitted neutrons and a Gaussian approximation to the theory of small-angle MS of ions [7] allowed to obtain quite satisfactory agreement of the calculated ER angular distributions with available experimental data at small deflection angles [8]. At the same time, the Gaussian approximation, as might be expected, does not allow to describe ER angular distributions measured at relatively large deflection angles [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation of angular and energy distributions for heavy evaporation residues using statistical model approximations and TRIM code

Sagaidak

Utyonkov

Scarlassara

2013

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation of angular and energy distributions for heavy evaporation residues using statistical model approximations and TRIM code

Sagaidak

Utyonkov

Scarlassara

2013

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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“…low and uncertain efficiency and -in several cases-restricted angular range. Another possibility has been the use of electrostatic deflectors which can separate ER from projectiles thanks to the very different electric rigidity of ones and the others [4][5][6][7][8]. However, the evaporation residues have a wide range in energy and charge state; thus, in these devices, they are deflected differently and not all of them are finally observed.…”

Section: Electrostatic Double-deflector and Its Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Integral system for detecting evaporation residues in fusion reactions

Capurro¹,

Testoni²,

Martí³

et al. 2005

Braz. J. Phys.

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We have designed and constructed an integral system that involves two electrostatic deflectors followed by a small ionization chamber with a multi-wire-proportional-counter in its entrance. The function of the former part is to separate evaporation residues from beam ions using their different electric rigidities while the latter is to detect these evaporation residues being distinguished from the beam-like particles originated in slits. Up to now, both devices have been tested and evaluated performing different experiments: the double-electrostatic deflector through scattering studies and the ionization chamber by means of scattering and fusion reactions. We present a brief description of the two devices and some results obtained in different tests.

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“…The recoiling heavy fusion products were separated from the primary beam by an electrostatic deflector [3] and were implanted into a surface-barrier detector, which also registered their ground-state ~ decay. Electron-7 coincidences from the target were observed by means of a solenoid spectrometer and two Ge detectors at 90 ~ with respect to the beam direction, while 77 coincidences and 7 angular distributions were measured in an arrangement of six compton-suppressed Ge detectors positioned at 90 ~ and 145 ~ relative to the beam.…”

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confidence: 99%

In-beam spectroscopy of224Th

Schwartz

Ender

Habs

et al. 1986

Z. Physik A - Atomic Nuclei

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A rotational band with states of alternating parity has been populated in 224Th via the 208pb(igo, 2n) reaction. Spins up to I ~ = i0 + (Ii-) are identified. Stretched E1 and E2 transitions compete in the deexcitation, the average ratio of the reduced transition probabilities being B(EI)/B(E2) = (1.5 • 0.4) x 10 -6 fm -2. This ratio implies that 224Th has one of the largest intrinsic electric dipole moments observed so far. The low-lying odd-parity excitations in the neutron deficient even Ra and Th isotopes have long been our main evidence for the occurrence of octupole deformations in nuclei at the beginning of the actinide region. More recently, new evidence for strong octupole effects has emerged: With increasing rotation even and odd parity yrast states seem to merge into one single band of alternating parity where neighbouring levels are connected by fast E1 transitions. Such bands have been observed in 218'219'220Ra and 220'221'222Th (see refs. [I, 2]). To extend the knowledge of high-spin states into the expected center of the octupole region [i] we have studied 224Th using the 208pb(180,2n) reaction.The 180 beams were supplied by the Tandem accelerator of the MPI Heidelberg and used to irradiate a target of 208pb (140 #g/cm 2) sandwiched between thin carbon foils. The recoiling heavy fusion products were separated from the primary beam by an electrostatic deflector [3] and were implanted into a surface-barrier detector, which also registered their ground-state ~ decay. Electron-7 coincidences from the target were observed by means of a solenoid spectrometer and two Ge detectors at 90 ~ with respect to the beam direction, while 77 coincidences and 7 angular distributions were measured in an arrangement of six compton-suppressed Ge detectors positioned at 90 ~ and 145 ~ relative to the beam. In both set-ups the coincidence with the recoiling fusion products was essential to suppress the large background from fission. Beam energies ranged from E b = 96 MeV down to 78 MeV and resulted in excitation functions for 7 and elines in 222"224Th, in accord with the parallel observation of the characteristic ~ activity. A conversion electron spectrum obtained at E b = 78 MeV is shown in fig. I. To suppress prompt electrons this measurement was performed using a recoil shadow [4] which extended -50 #m downstream from the target. The spectrum is dominated by two low-energy MI/E2 transitions in 223Th and by two transitions of E2 character (see the LI+II/LII I ratios), originating from 224Th. These latter lines are due to the 2 + ~-0 + and 4 + ~--2 + transition known from ~ decay studies of 228U [5].The 7 spectrum coincident with the 2 + ~-0 + and 4 + -,-2 + conversion electrons of 224Th is displayed in fig. 2a. Below the 4 + ~-2 + line at 186 keV sev-

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An electrostatic separator for heavy recoil nuclei

Cited by 18 publications

References 8 publications

Simulation of angular and energy distributions for heavy evaporation residues using statistical model approximations and TRIM code

Simulation of angular and energy distributions for heavy evaporation residues using statistical model approximations and TRIM code

Integral system for detecting evaporation residues in fusion reactions

In-beam spectroscopy of224Th

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