An electrochemiluminescence resonance energy transfer biosensor for the detection of circulating tumor DNA from blood plasma

Abstract

Summary A liquid biopsy is a noninvasive approach for detecting double-stranded circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) of 90–320 nucleotides in blood plasma from patients with cancer. Most techniques employed for ctDNA detection are time consuming and require expensive DNA purification kits. Electrochemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET) biosensors exhibit high sensitivity, a wide response range, and are promising for straightforward sensing applications. Until now, ECL-RET biosensors have been designed for sensing short single-stranded oligonucleotides of less than 45 nucleotides. In this work, an ECL-RET biosensor comprising graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots was assessed for the amplification-free detection in the blood plasma of DNA molecules coding for the EGFR L858R mutation, which is associated with non-small-cell lung cancer. Following a low-cost pre-treatment, the highly specific ECL-RET biosensor quantified double-stranded EGFR L858R DNA of 159 nucleotides diluted into the blood within a linear range of 0.01 fM to 1 pM, demonstrating its potential for noninvasive biopsies.

Electrochemiluminescent CdS Quantum Dots Biosensor for Cancer Mutation Detection at Different Positions on Linear DNA Analytes

“…CN QDs were synthesized as previously described . Briefly, 0.28 mmol of sodium citrate and 1.68 mmol of urea were ground together in an agate mortar.…”

“…10 μL of target DNA molecules diluted at different concentrations in either potassium phosphate buffer or plasma was deposited on the AuNP-haiDNA/CdS QD/GCE. This was followed by incubation in an electrolyte solution made of 100 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and 100 mM K 2 S 2 O 8 for 2 h at 37 °C as previously described . Besides the WE, the ECL-RET system comprises an Ag/AgCl (3.0 M KCl) reference electrode (CH Instruments) and a Pt plate as the counter-electrode.…”

Emerging Trends of Carbon‐Based Quantum Dots: Nanoarchitectonics and Applications

“…Yang et al developed an amplification-free ECL resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET) biosensor-based assay to detect and quantify the dsDNA in blood plasma. [492] The ECL-RET biosensor is easy to test and exhibited numerous outsmarting advantages, such as removing the need for expensive DNA extraction and sample pretreatment. The g-CNQDs biosensing assay was designed to detect short-chain ssDNA (18-nucleotide) and long-chain dsDNA (159-nucleotide) in both potassium phosphate buffer and blood.…”

“…Reproduced with permission. [ 492 ] Copyright 2021, Elsevier. e) ECL characterization of a ‐Ru‐DNA 1 , b ‐QDs‐DNA 2 , c ‐Ru‐DNA 1 /QDs‐DNA 2 , and d ‐Ru‐DNA 1 ‐Hg 2+ ‐QDs‐DNA 2 .…”

“…b,d) Logarithmic curves obtained from T159-L858R DNA diluted in blood ranging from 0.01 fm to 1 pm concentration. Reproduced with permission [492]. Copyright 2021, Elsevier.…”