An Electrochemical Study of Nitrite and Oxide in Sodium Nitrate-Potassium Nitrate Eutectic Melts.

Swofford, H. S.; McCormick, Patrick G.

doi:10.1021/ac60227a005

Cited by 47 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…On substituting nitrogen with COz, a new cathodic wave appears whose half-wave potential was found to be again E l l , = -0.32 f 0.01 V a t 513 K: see curves b and c in Figure 4. This is in agreement with the overall electrode process COz + H20 + 2e = C032-+ Hz ( 7 ) different from the one observed (12) in melts saturated with dry C 0 2 C 0 2 + NOT + 2e = C03?-+ NO< (8) which occurs a t more negative potentials ( ( E 1 , J 8 = -0.52 V a t 510 K).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…The traces of nitrite ions always present in a "pure" melt (8,9) were eliminated to avoid overlapping of nitrite and carbonate electrooxidation waves: this was done by direct injection into the melt of concentrated nitric acid which thermally decomposes (20) giving origin to nitrogen dioxide in the solution. The disappearance of the nitrite wave, due to the reaction ( 2 1 ) (2) was controlled voltammetrically, as well as the absence of OHtraces.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solvent extraction techniques, which have been used successfully to separate tellurium from many types of sample matrix (8)(9)(10) have been combined with both photometric and gravimetric measurements to determine tellurium. The above procedures require a preliminary separation of tellurium in order to remove interfering elements and they lack sensitivity.…”

Section: Michael Bedrossianmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Voltammetric behavior of the (Pt)H2O,CO2/H2,CO32- system in molten alkali nitrates

Desimoni¹,

Palmisano²,

Sabbatini³

et al. 1978

Anal. Chem.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Michael Bedrossianmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Voltammetric behavior of the (Pt)H2O,CO2/H2,CO32- system in molten alkali nitrates

Desimoni¹,

Palmisano²,

Sabbatini³

et al. 1978

Anal. Chem.

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“…15 Additionally, it has been reported in previous work that increased nitrite content of the salt mixture results in enhanced oxidative behavior, and that nitrite is continuously formed as time proceeds due to thermal and electrochemical degradation. 16 Stainless steel 316 and Incoloy 800H both experienced significantly lower weight gain rates than Alloy 4130 at 400 and 500…”

Section: Exposure Study Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Corrosion Behavior of Structural Materials for Potential Use in Nitrate Salts Based Solar Thermal Power Plants

Summers

Chidambaram

2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Commercial and economic success of concentrated solar power (CSP) plants requires operating at maximum efficiency and capacity which necessitates the use of materials that are reliable at high temperatures. This study investigates the corrosion behavior of structural alloys in molten nitrate salts at three temperatures common to CSP plants. Corrosion behavior was evaluated using gravimetric and inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) analysis. Surface oxide structure and chemistry was characterized using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Electrochemical behavior of candidate structural alloys Alloy 4130, austenitic stainless steel 316, and super-austenitic Incoloy 800H was evaluated using potentiodynamic polarization characteristics. Gravimetric and ICP-OES analysis indicated that Alloy 4130 exhibited the least corrosion resistance at 500 • C compared to SS316 and 800H. However, at 300 • C, the three alloys exhibited similar weight gain. Electrochemical evaluation of these candidate materials was observed to correlate well with the corrosion behavior observed from gravimetric and ICP-OES analysis. This study identifies that all three alloys exhibited acceptable corrosion rate in 300 • C molten salt, while elevated salt temperatures require the more corrosion resistant alloys, stainless steel 316 and 800H. Characterization of the sample surfaces revealed the presence of spinels at lower temperatures, while Fe 2 O 3 was the dominant iron oxide at higher temperatures for each alloy. Like all power plants, maximizing the conversion efficiency of solar energy in a concentrated solar power (CSP) plant is essential to minimizing cost and resources while maximizing energy output. The choice of heat transfer fluid is a fundamental parameter in maximizing efficiency of an energy source. A heat transfer fluid that can also function as an energy storage medium for solar energy while being chemically compatible with the structural components of the plant is an ideal candidate for implementation.Significant research had been performed from 1982 to 1985 on the use of molten salt as a heat transfer medium in solar power applications. Sandia National Laboratory in New Mexico conducted the Molten Salt Electric Experiment (MSEE) which was the first power tower system to use molten nitrate salt as the primary working fluid to produce electricity. This experiment proved the feasibility of using molten salt as a heat transfer medium in a central receiver design along with a two-tank storage system designed to address intermittency. 1The MSEE used a molten nitrate salt composition of 40% KNO 3 and 60% NaNO 3 by weight which is the composition used for the study presented herein.Corrosion of structural components is determined by the properties of the heat transfer fluid and corrosion resistance of the components in contact with that heat transfer fluid. Depending on the corrosion resistance of the alloy to a high-temperature, oxidizing environment, the alloy will either form an adherent, compact oxid...

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“…Because the thermal decomposition of nitrates at higher temperatures (>400°C) gives rise to nitrite ions, a study of the electrochemical behavior of nitrite was essential to monitor any interaction with other aerial components. Unfortunately, although the electro-oxidation of nitrite ions has been reported previously (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27) , no measurements have been made at temperatures higher than 350°C. Careful examination of these studies showed inconsistencies in the results, but all worke'rs agree that nitrite ions are oxidized according to (28) However, Arvia et al (26,27) indicated that such a mechanism represented only part of the story because the electrode material played a prominent role..…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the interactions of molten sodium nitrate-potassium nitrate 50 mol % mixture with water vapor and carbon dioxide in air. Final report, June 2, 1980-June 30, 1981

White¹,

Twardoch²

1981

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An Electrochemical Study of Nitrite and Oxide in Sodium Nitrate-Potassium Nitrate Eutectic Melts.

Abstract: The quantitative electrochemical determination of nitrite ion in fused alkali metal nitrate melts is discussed, and

Cited by 47 publications

References 18 publications

Voltammetric behavior of the (Pt)H2O,CO2/H2,CO32- system in molten alkali nitrates

Voltammetric behavior of the (Pt)H2O,CO2/H2,CO32- system in molten alkali nitrates

Corrosion Behavior of Structural Materials for Potential Use in Nitrate Salts Based Solar Thermal Power Plants

Study of the interactions of molten sodium nitrate-potassium nitrate 50 mol % mixture with water vapor and carbon dioxide in air. Final report, June 2, 1980-June 30, 1981

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