An Electrochemical Sensor Based on Carbon Quantum Dots and Ionic Liquids for Selective Detection of Dopamine

Abstract

Dopamine (DA) as a neurotransmitter has a pivotal role in the central nervous system. Because of altered levels of DA in various neuroscience diseases, development of a quick, sensitive, and simple analytical approach to determine DA in biological fluids could be very applicable. In this research, a novel electrochemical sensor based on a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with ionic liquid (IL) and carbon quantum dots (CQDs) for measuring DA with uric acid and ascorbic acid was developed. IL and CQDs were synthesized and characterized for their specific properties such as composition, emission, size distribution, and morphology structure.Then, the modified CPE and different DA concentration was determined via cyclic voltammetry. The modified electrode exhibited great electrocatalytic activity for DA oxidation. Under optimal conditions, the calibration diagram for DA was linear within the range of 0.1-50 μM in phosphate buffer (pH = 7.4) and limit of detection was 0.046 μM. The electrode was successfully used in the determination of DA in real samples and generated acceptable outputs. The proposed electrochemical sensor could be an exceptional step forward in DA detection and pave the way for the molecular diagnosis of neurological illnesses.

Carbon dots with tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications

“…CD-based nanosystems have gained signicant attentions in recent years due to their distinctive structures and properties, which make them potential materials for biomedical applications. 75,76 CDs offer several advantages that make them ideal candidates for TE-RM applications, including low toxicity, exceptional biodegradability, biocompatibility, mechanical strength, antimicrobial characteristic, and biomineralization as well as their application in real-time tissue monitoring and visualization. 77,78 It has been indicated that the hydrogels incorporating CDs show enhanced cell proliferation and migration within scaffolds, higher osteogenic differentiation, increased tissue granulation, and collagen deposition during the tissue regeneration process.…”

Carbon Quantum Dots as Multi‐Purpose Nanomaterial in Stem Cell Therapy

“…TEM has a high resolution of 0.1 to 0.2 nm, and it is used to determine the particle size and detailed morphology of nanomaterials. [52] The particle size of CQDs is below 10 nm; therefore, TEM can be used to determine their morphology, fine structure, crystalline properties, etc. For instance, Nguyen et al demonstrated spherical N-doped CQDs with size ranging from 1.78 to 6.50 nm graphite lattice d-spacing of 0.22 nm, known as interlayer spacing (Figure 3).…”

“…TEM has a high resolution of 0.1 to 0.2 nm, and it is used to determine the particle size and detailed morphology of nanomaterials [52] . The particle size of CQDs is below 10 nm; therefore, TEM can be used to determine their morphology, fine structure, crystalline properties, etc.…”

Construction of Cu2O−Ag Nanocomposites for the Selective and Efficient Electrochemical Detection of Catechol

“…Catechol (CC) is one of the typical phenolic compounds, which can cause a threat to human health even at very low concentrations and is therefore listed as a Group 2B carcinogen [4–6] . Generally, people exposed to CC may have to face acute health problems such as a rise in kidney/liver function, myeloid leukemia, and also the central nervous system [7,8] …”

“…[4][5][6] Generally, people exposed to CC may have to face acute health problems such as a rise in kidney/liver function, myeloid leukemia, and also the central nervous system. [7,8] Generally, in a polluted environmental system, CC coexists with other chemical species with low oxidation potentials. Therefore, accurate and reliable detection of CC from interference is necessary for practical application.…”