An electrochemical aptamer-based biosensor targeting Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein II for malaria diagnosis

Lo, Yvonne; Cheung, Yiu-ming; Wang, Lin; Lee, Megan; Figueroa-Miranda, Gabriela; Liang, Shuailong; Mayer, Dirk; Tanner, Julian A.

doi:10.1016/j.bios.2021.113472

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Ideally, such challenges and limitations can potentially be overcome with properly designed biosensors, that must fill the gap of high sensitivity and specificity, as well as being easily miniaturized for point-of-care diagnosis. Although there are several reports of biosensors for malaria diagnosis, these are mainly based on the use of enzymes as a target [ 11 , 16 , 17 , 52 , 53 , 54 ], i.e., RDTs. Nevertheless, as mentioned above, these have been threatened by parasite genetic evolution, and they do not detect low-parasitemia (100 parasites/µL of blood far from the ideal less than 5 parasites/µL of blood) or quantify infection.…”

Section: Biosensors For Hemozoin-based Malaria Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Microdevices for Hemozoin-Based Malaria Detection

et al. 2022

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Despite being preventable and treatable, malaria still puts almost half of the world’s population at risk. Thus, prompt, accurate and sensitive malaria diagnosis is crucial for disease control and elimination. Optical microscopy and immuno-rapid tests are the standard malaria diagnostic methods in the field. However, these are time-consuming and fail to detect low-level parasitemia. Biosensors and lab-on-a-chip devices, as reported to different applications, usually offer high sensitivity, specificity, and ease of use at the point of care. Thus, these can be explored as an alternative for malaria diagnosis. Alongside malaria infection inside the human red blood cells, parasites consume host hemoglobin generating the hemozoin crystal as a by-product. Hemozoin is produced in all parasite species either in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. Furthermore, hemozoin crystals are produced as the parasites invade the red blood cells and their content relates to disease progression. Hemozoin is, therefore, a unique indicator of infection, being used as a malaria biomarker. Herein, the so-far developed biosensors and lab-on-a-chip devices aiming for malaria detection by targeting hemozoin as a biomarker are reviewed and discussed to fulfil all the medical demands for malaria management towards elimination.

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Section: Biosensors For Hemozoin-based Malaria Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Microdevices for Hemozoin-Based Malaria Detection

et al. 2022

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“…In addition to enzymes and proteins, Ni(II) is found in nucleic acids and their components, and can be used to probe nucleic acid structure [ 49 ]. These different capacities of Ni confirm that that it is able to form stable complexes with many kinds of coordination ligands, a property that is reflected in the great diversity of Ni(II) receptors found in biological systems [ 31 , 50 ]. Moreover, because of its native binding affinities for biological compounds, Nickel (Ni) can be bound to agarose beads by chelation, allowing for the examination of interactions between nickel and Protein A-agarose.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Synthetic receptors (molecules with functional groups able to selectively interact with an analyte) are more stable than biological ones, have a relatively low molecular weight, and bind more efficiently to analytes [ 29 ]. Aptamer-based biosensors can recognize specific targets for in vitro applications to detect heavy metals, and have been applied to detect biological compounds such as malaria proteins [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development, Optimization, Characterization, and Application of Electrochemical Biosensors for Detecting Nickel Ions in Food

et al. 2021

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Nickel is naturally present in drinking water and many dietary items, which expose the general population to nickel ingestion. This heavy metal can have a variety of harmful health effects, causing allergies and skin disorders (i.e., dermatitis), lung, cardiovascular, and kidney diseases, and even certain cancers; therefore, nickel detection is important for public health. Recent innovations in the development of biosensors have demonstrated they offer a powerful new approach over conventional analytical techniques for the identification and quantification of user-defined compounds, including heavy metals such as nickel. We optimized five candidate nickel-biosensing receptors, and tested each for efficiency of binding to immobilization elements on screen-printed electrodes (SPEs). We characterized the application of nickel-detecting biosensors with four different cultivated vegetables. We analyzed the efficiency of each nickel-detecting biosensor by potentiostat and atomic absorption spectrometry and compared the results from the sample analytes. We then analyzed the performance characteristics and responses of assembled biosensors, and show they are very effective at measuring nickel ions in food, especially with the urease-alginate biosensor affixed to silver SPEs, measured by cyclic voltammetry (sensitivity—2.1921 µA Mm−1 cm−2 and LOD—0.005 mg/L). Given the many advantages of biosensors, we describe an optimization pipeline approach to the application of different nickel-binding biosensors for public health, nutrition, and consumer safety, which are very promising.

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“…The first is the capture of P LDH by the aptamer and the second is the specificity of the enzyme assay employing APAD as a unique Pf LDH substrate. This is an advantage over previous aptamer-based approaches to detect P LDH [ 12 ] or Pf HRPII [ 4 ] which use only one step to ensure specificity. The enzyme-catalysed reaction has the further advantage of signal amplification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While still an active area of research e.g. Lo et al [ 4 ], there are increasing numbers of isolates of P. falciparum from different regions that lack the pfhrp2 gene and hence RDTs detecting PfHRP2 no longer detect many P. falciparum infections [ 5 ]. There is, therefore, scope in developing new malaria detection methods to supplement the existing PfHRP2 RDTs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A microfluidic paper analytical device using capture aptamers for the detection of PfLDH in blood matrices

Ogunmolasuyi

Fogel

Hoppe

et al. 2022

Malar J

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Background The prevalence and death rate arising from malaria infection, and emergence of other diseases showing similar symptoms to malaria require the development of malaria-specific and sensitive devices for its diagnosis. To address this, the design and fabrication of low-cost, rapid, paper-based analytical devices (µPAD) using surface-immobilized aptamers to detect the presence of a recombinant malarial biomarker—Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (rPfLDH)—is reported in this study. Methods Test zones on paper surfaces were created by covalently immobilizing streptavidin to the paper, subsequently attaching biotinylated aptamers to streptavidin. Aptamers selectively bound rPfLDH. The measurement of captured rPfLDH enzyme activity served as the means of detecting this biomarker. Enzyme activity across three replicate sensors was digitally quantified using the colorimetric Malstat assay. Results Screening of several different aptamers reported in the literature showed that aptamers rLDH7 and 2008s immobilized in this manner specifically recognised and captured PfLDH. Using rLDH7, the sensitivity of the µPAD sensor was evaluated and the µPAD sensor was applied for preferential detection of rPfLDH, both in buffered solutions of the protein and in spiked serum and red blood cell lysate samples. In buffered solutions, the test zone of the µPAD sensor exhibited a KD of 24 ± 11 nM and an empirical limit of detection of 17 nM, respectively, a limit similar to commercial antibody-based sensors exposed to rPfLDH. The specific recognition of 133 nM rPfLDH in undiluted serum and blood samples was demonstrated by the µPAD. Conclusion The reported µPAD demonstrates the potential of integrating aptamers into paper-based malarial rapid diagnostic tests. Graphical Abstract

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An electrochemical aptamer-based biosensor targeting Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein II for malaria diagnosis

Cited by 16 publications

References 32 publications

Review of Microdevices for Hemozoin-Based Malaria Detection

Review of Microdevices for Hemozoin-Based Malaria Detection

Development, Optimization, Characterization, and Application of Electrochemical Biosensors for Detecting Nickel Ions in Food

A microfluidic paper analytical device using capture aptamers for the detection of PfLDH in blood matrices

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