An elastodynamic reciprocity theorem-based closed-form solution to second harmonic generation of lamb waves by a fatigue crack: Theory &amp; experimental validation

Xu, Lei; Su, Yiyin; Wang, Kai; Yang, Xiling; Yuan, Shenfang; Su, Zhongqing

doi:10.1016/j.jsv.2021.116226

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Korde and Kundu [30] found that guided wave inspection method was a reliable and probably more desirable alternative for characterizing the hardness and microstructure of heat treated materials. Su et al [31,32] comprehensively quantified 3D fatigue crack using nonlinear ultrasonic guided waves in theory and experimental aspects. Shen et al [33,34] built a new local interaction simulation approach for simulating the nonlinear interactions between ultrasonic waves and microcracks, which can improve the simulation efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on nonlinear ultrasonic method for evaluating the mechanical properties of 3D printing aluminum alloy

Wang,

Jiang,

Kou

et al. 2024

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Micro defects, such as pore and inclusions, inevitably appear in the forming process of 3D printed materials, which would affect the mechanical properties of materials. Therefore, a nondestructive testing method is urgently needed to evaluate the effect of these micro defects on the mechanical properties of materials. In the present work, by using a nonlinear ultrasonic testing technology, mechanical test and characterization of material microstructure, the relationship between the relative acoustic nonlinearity parameter, tensile strength and material defect ratio of 3D printed aluminum alloy specimens under different scanning powers is investigated. The analysis results show that the greater the material defect ratio is, the smaller the tensile strength is and the greater the relative acoustic nonlinearity parameter is, and the relative acoustic nonlinearity parameter could be used to evaluate the strength of materials. Moreover, fatigue damage induced by high cycle fatigue loading test in the first stage of early performance degradation, the results of nonlinear ultrasonic testing show that the relative acoustic nonlinearity parameter presents an increasing trend as the fatigue load increases. By observing changes in material microstructure, it is found that the increasing acoustic nonlinearity parameter is due to the directional coarsening degree of the precipitated phase increasing, which shows that relative acoustic nonlinearity parameter is very sensitive to the change of material microstructure. The above results show that, the nonlinear ultrasonic testing technology can quantitatively evaluate and predict the mechanical performance and early performance degradation of 3D printing aluminum alloy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on nonlinear ultrasonic method for evaluating the mechanical properties of 3D printing aluminum alloy

Wang,

Jiang,

Kou

et al. 2024

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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“…With respect to modelbased elucidation, perturbation analysis and elastodynamics are the most widely used tools to scrutinize the excitation and propagation of GUWs in intact structures and the damage-induced wave scattering in damaged structures [14][15][16][17][18][19]. Alternatively, GUW-based damage detection has been realized by performing numerical simulation using finite element method [20][21][22][23][24], spectral element method [25][26][27] and boundary element method [28,29]. Experimental validation of GUW-based damage evaluation has also been realized in both metal and composite materials [7,12,19,[30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelet packet energy-based damage detection using guided ultrasonic waves and support vector machine

Lyu

Yang

et al. 2023

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Substantial work has shown that the modulation of structural damage on probing guided ultrasonic waves (GUWs) can result in wave components corresponding to different frequencies, causing wave energy transfer from central frequency to other frequency bands. To make use of the damage-induced wave energy transfer in different frequency bands, a data-driven method which combines wavelet packet decomposition (WPD), principal component analysis (PCA) and support vector machine (SVM), is proposed in this study for structural damage identification in both metallic and composite materials. Firstly, WPD is employed to decompose the original signal into different frequency bands, based on which the wave energy at each frequency band can be determined. A wave energy distribution vector is constructed according to the energy proportion of each frequency band. Then, PCA is recalled conducting dimensionality reduction for the energy distribution vectors, in order to improve the computational efficiency for subsequent SVM classification. The compressed energy distribution vectors are used as the input to train an SVM-based classifier for identifying structural damage. To validate the proposed WPD-PCA-SVM method, experiments are performed on both aluminium plate and glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminate. According to the experimental results, the embryonic fatigue crack in the metal plate and the anomaly in the GFRP laminate can be identified by the proposed method, with a detection accuracy of 92.86% for aluminium plate and 95.45% for GFRP laminate, respectively, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method for damage detection in both metallic and composite materials.

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“…With that being said, most of the previous research exploring the interaction of a laser-generated Rayleigh wave with a surface crack for crack identification and characterization, are of a nature of either numerical simulation or experimental investigation, and there is obvious lack of theoretical interrogation to shed light on the interaction of a laser-generated Rayleigh wave with a surface crack, as well as the resultant crack-scattered Rayleigh wavefield. Earlier, the authors of this paper proposed a theoretical model based on elastodynamic reciprocity theorem, to interpret the interaction of narrowband Rayleigh-Lamb waves with non-penetrating fatigue cracks and surface/subsurface cracks [35][36][37]. Closed-form solutions to the magnitude of crack-scattered waves were derived, based on which the severity of a crack can be evaluated quantitatively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency-dependent Scattering of Wideband Laser-generated Rayleigh Waves for Vertical Surface Crack Characterization

Su²,

Yang³

et al. 2023

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Wideband laser-generated Rayleigh waves have been extensively exploited for surface crack characterization, most of which, nonetheless, are of a nature of either numerical simulation or experimental observation. Earlier, an elastodynamic reciprocity theorem-based theoretical model was proposed by the authors [1, 2], aimed at scrutinizing the interaction of narrowband Rayleigh-Lamb waves with a surface or subsurface crack. In this study, the model is expanded to a wideband scenario to analytically explore the interaction of a wideband laser-generated Rayleigh wave with a surface crack, as well as the resultant crack-scattered Rayleigh wavefield. First, under the narrowband scenario, a dimensionless parameter is formulated based on the closed-form solution to the magnitude of the narrowband scattered Rayleigh wavefield, revealing that the scattering effect of a surface crack on the Rayleigh waves is frequency-dependent and there exists a characteristic frequency, at which the crack-scattered Rayleigh wavefield manifests the strongest intensity. Similarly, under the wideband scenario, such dependence can be calibrated by a spectral damage indicator (SDI), which facilitates the evaluation of the severity of the surface crack using the wideband laser-generated Rayleigh wave. Proof-of-concept simulation is performed to verify the model. Quantitative agreement between the analytical and numerical results validates the accuracy of the proposed model and SDI. Experiment is also conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the frequency-dependent scattering of wideband laser-generated Rayleigh waves for vertical surface crack characterization.

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An elastodynamic reciprocity theorem-based closed-form solution to second harmonic generation of lamb waves by a fatigue crack: Theory & experimental validation

Cited by 23 publications

References 53 publications

Research on nonlinear ultrasonic method for evaluating the mechanical properties of 3D printing aluminum alloy

Research on nonlinear ultrasonic method for evaluating the mechanical properties of 3D printing aluminum alloy

Wavelet packet energy-based damage detection using guided ultrasonic waves and support vector machine

Frequency-dependent Scattering of Wideband Laser-generated Rayleigh Waves for Vertical Surface Crack Characterization

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