Abstract:Usually used methodr for digit recognition on handwritten mail addresses are either structural or statistical. The structural ones operate by expert rule application. When the extraction process of such rules is done by hand, these approaches are generally dijjicult to design. The statistical methodr use &generated image descriptions of the digit which consist mainly of feature vectors. The decision zone learning in the corresponding vectorial space allows vector clwerization. In such techniques, the system re… Show more
This paper reviews model-based methods for non-rigid shape recognition. These methods model, match and classify non-rigid shapes, which are generally problematic for conventational algorithms using rigid models. Issues including model representation, optimization criteria formulation, model matching, and classiÿcation are examined in detail with the objective to provide interested researchers a roadmap for exploring the ÿeld. This paper emphasizes on 2D deformable models. Their potential applications and future research directions, particularly on deformable pattern classiÿcation, are discussed. ?
This paper reviews model-based methods for non-rigid shape recognition. These methods model, match and classify non-rigid shapes, which are generally problematic for conventational algorithms using rigid models. Issues including model representation, optimization criteria formulation, model matching, and classiÿcation are examined in detail with the objective to provide interested researchers a roadmap for exploring the ÿeld. This paper emphasizes on 2D deformable models. Their potential applications and future research directions, particularly on deformable pattern classiÿcation, are discussed. ?
“…This advantage of spline models is pointed out in [35] where a different kind of spline is used to fit on-line character data by directly locating candidate control points on strokes in the image. It is lost (as pointed out in [36]) when models based more directly on Durbin and Willshaw's elastic net are employed [37].…”
We describe a method of recognizing handwritten digits by fitting generative models that are built from deformable Bsplines with Gaussian "ink generators" spaced along the length of the spline. The splines are adjusted using a novel elastic matching procedure based on the Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm that maximizes the likelihood of the model generating the data. This approach has many advantages. 1) After identifying the model most likely to have generated the data, the system not only produces a classification of the digit but also a rich description of the instantiation parameters which can yield information such as the writing style. 2) During the process of explaining the image, generative models can perform recognition driven segmentation. 3) The method involves a relatively small number of parameters and hence training is relatively easy and fast. 4) Unlike many other recognition schemes, it does not rely on some form of pre-normalization of input images, but can handle arbitrary scalings, translations and a limited degree of image rotation. We have demonstrated our method of fitting models to images does not get trapped in poor local minima. The main disadvantage of the method is it requires much more computation than more standard OCR techniques.
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