An eight-year survey of the intestinal parasites of carnivores, hoofed mammals, primates, ratites and reptiles in the Ljubljana zoo in Slovenia

Kvapil, Pavel; Kastelic, Marjan; Dovč, Alenka; Bártová, Eva; Čížek, Petr; Lima, Natacha Salomé; Strus, Spela

doi:10.14411/fp.2017.013

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…At the same time, the parasite community of the blue wildebeests was extremely impoverished, only a couple of H. contortus were found; while up to 17 helminth species were registered in the blue wildebeests in Africa (Horak et al, 1983). Th e same pattern was observed in exotic ungulates from several zoos where their parasite communities are impoverished and supplemented with species from domestic ruminants (Jansen & van den Broek, 1963;Lim et al, 2008;Panayotova-Pencheva, 2013;Mir et al, 2016;Kvapil et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Helminths of Exotic Even-Toed Ungulates (Artiodactyla) in the Askania-Nova Biosphere Reserve, Ukraine

Zvegintsova¹,

Kharchenko²,

Kuzmina³

2018

Vestnik Zoologii

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More than 30 species of exotic ungulates are currently kept in the Askania-Nova Biosphere Reserve (Kherson Region, Ukraine). During the years 1978–2014, 146 ungulates of 24 species (16 species of Bovidae, 4 — Cervidae, 4 — Camelidae) were examined by partial helminthological dissection; more than 402,700 specimens of helminths were collected and identified. The purpose of the present study was to summarize these data and analyze the species diversity in exotic ungulates. Totally, 38 species of helminths: 3 species of Trematoda, 6 — Cestoda, 29 — Nematoda were found. Ungulates from the family Bovidae were the most infected; they harbored 36 species of helminths, 1–18 species per host. In Camelidae, 15 species were found; 3–10 species per host. Cervidae harbored 9 species; 1–6 species per host. The highest species diversity was detected in the ungulates introduced from regions with climatic conditions similar to those in southern Ukraine: saiga antelope (19 species), European mouflon (18), Barbary sheep (18), and markhor (17). Ten species typical for domestic ruminants (Haemonchus contortus, Nematodirus sp., Aonchotheca bovis, Moniezia expansa, Oesophagostomum venulosum, Ostertagia circumcincta, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. probolurus and Trichuris ovis) dominated in the parasite communities. Our results indicated reduction in the species diversity and alteration of the parasite community structures in these exotic ungulates kept in the Askania-Nova Reserve compared to their natural habitats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Helminths of Exotic Even-Toed Ungulates (Artiodactyla) in the Askania-Nova Biosphere Reserve, Ukraine

Zvegintsova¹,

Kharchenko²,

Kuzmina³

2018

Vestnik Zoologii

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“…prevalence rates and Giardia genotypes in captive gibbons in Thailand. The prevalence of these infections were commonly high and ranged from 25 to 100% in either free-ranging (5, 7–10, 22, 28, 31, 45, 46) or captive non-human primates (4, 7, 11, 13–15, 20, 23–26, 46, 47). In the current study, overall prevalence rates of nematodes, G. duodenalis , and Cryptosporidium spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies on helminthic parasites in the free-ranging (5–10) and captive populations (4, 11–15) of non-human primates (NHP) have been conducted worldwide and they reported a high prevalence of intestinal parasites. For example, the prevalence of endoparasites in western lowland gorillas at Bai Hokou, Dzangha-Ndoki National Park, Central African Republic has been reported to be up to 100% (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Parasites and the Occurrence of Zoonotic Giardia duodenalis Genotype in Captive Gibbons at Krabokkoo Wildlife Breeding Center, Thailand

et al. 2019

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Intestinal parasitic infections can have an impact on health and growth of wildlife. The current study aims were to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites and to molecular characterize Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in captive gibbons at Krabokkoo Wildlife Breeding Center, Thailand. Fifty-five gibbons, 2 agile- ( Hylobates agilis ), 38 lar- ( Hylobates lar ) and 15 pileated gibbons ( Hylobates pileatus ) were included in this study. Fecal samples were collected individually at Krabokkoo Wildlife Breeding Center, Chachoengsao province, eastern Thailand, in November 2013. Intestinal parasitic infections were examined by zinc sulfate centrifugation flotation and by a commercially available immunofluorescent assay (IFA) for detection of G. duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp.. Polymerase chain reaction targeting the Giardia glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), beta- giardin (bg), triose phosphate isomerase (tpi) genes, and the Cryptosporidium small subunit-rRNA and heat-shock protein (hsp70) following by DNA sequencing were performed on the IFA positive samples. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in gibbons at Krabokkoo Wildlife Breeding Center was 12.7% (95%CI: 5.3–24.5), Strongyloides spp. eggs or larvae were present in all positive samples. Co-infections with G. duodenalis were detected in 1.8% (95%CI: 0.1–9.7) of the samples. Based on the sequencing results of the three genes, the IFA Giardia positive isolate typed as the zoonotic genotype B. Since the data reveals the occurrence of zoonotic Giardia genotype, good hygiene management is suggested to prevent the transmission of this pathogen from gibbon to human, and vice versa.

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“…Evaluations of standards were based on scientific guidelines for global pet animal husbandry in commercial establishments [43] (Table-2). Reported minimum number and class of potential human pathogens associated with wild-pet animals (Table -3) [26,27,44,45,[50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59], and for example, wildlife-associated infections and zoonotic epidemics or pandemics (Table-4) , were developed from the search-based published literature results. We also circulated drafts of Tables-1 and 2 to eight authors of published scientific investigations into wildlife markets to obtain experiential comments and/or verification.…”

Section: Categorization Of Wildlife Marketsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wildlife-pet markets in a one-health context

Warwick¹,

Steedman²

2021

Int J One Health

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Background and Aim: Wildlife markets are centers of trade involving live animals and their derivatives from wild-caught and captive-bred non-domesticated animals, including for the culinary, fashion, traditional medicine, curio, and pet sectors. These markets occur in Southeast Asia, India, North America, Latin America, Europe, Africa, and elsewhere. This study aims to address a diversity of related issues that have a one-health bearing while focusing on wildlife markets in relation to the pet trade. Across relevant regions and countries, all major animal classes are traded at wildlife-pet markets. Wildlife markets, in general, are considered distinct from so-called "wet markets" at which domesticated animals, fish, and other "seafood" are offered only for consumption. Several aspects of wildlife markets have attracted scientific and popular scrutiny, including animal welfare concerns, species conservation threats, legality, ecological alteration, introduction of invasive alien species, presence of undescribed species, and public and agricultural animal health issues. Materials and Methods: Onsite inspections were conducted for markets in the United States, Spain, Germany, The Netherlands, and the UK, as well as observational research of visual imagery of market conditions, and we compared these conditions with evidence-based standards for animal welfare and public health management. Results: Wildlife markets globally shared common similar structures and practices including the presence of sick, injured, or stressed animals; mixing of animals of uncertain origin and health state; and no specific or any hygiene protocols, with issues of animal welfare, public health and safety, agricultural animal health, and other one-health concerns being inherently involved. Conclusion: We conclude that wildlife markets are incompatible with responsible standards and practices, and we recommend that such events are banned globally to ameliorate inherent major problems.

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An eight-year survey of the intestinal parasites of carnivores, hoofed mammals, primates, ratites and reptiles in the Ljubljana zoo in Slovenia

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Helminths of Exotic Even-Toed Ungulates (Artiodactyla) in the Askania-Nova Biosphere Reserve, Ukraine

Helminths of Exotic Even-Toed Ungulates (Artiodactyla) in the Askania-Nova Biosphere Reserve, Ukraine

Intestinal Parasites and the Occurrence of Zoonotic Giardia duodenalis Genotype in Captive Gibbons at Krabokkoo Wildlife Breeding Center, Thailand

Wildlife-pet markets in a one-health context

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