An Efficient Violet Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) from a Conjugated Polymer (PFO-co-pX) in Solution

Alfahd, Sara Abdulaziz; Rajendra, Saradh Prasad; Al-Mujammi, Wafa; Devaraj, D.; Masilamani, V.; AlSalhi, Mohamad S.

doi:10.3390/ma10030265

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…affect the spectral and laser properties of a conjugated polymer, demonstrated the existence of dimeric and excimeric states of conjugated polymer [25], and investigated the spectral and temporal profile of conjugated polymer dimer laser by employing a picosecond spectrometer. They also reported a laser from new copolymer (poly[(9,9-dioctyl-2,7-divinylenefluorenylene)-alt- co -{2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene}](PFO- co -MEH-PPV) [26], poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)- co -(2,5- p -xylene)] also known as [(PFO- co -pX), ADS145UV]), studied the relaxation oscillation and the excited state dynamics during laser generation [27], demonstrated the influence of steric hindrance of co-polymer segment on the laser, also these new kinds of conjugated polymers exhibited a violet laser [28]. Furthermore, they fabricated a fully reversible temperature-tunable laser based on the temperature sensitivity conjugated polymer poly[3-(2-ethyl-isocyanato-octadecanyl)-thiophene] (TCP) [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Conjugated Polymer Lasers

Xia

Chen

et al. 2019

Polymers

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This paper provides a review of advances in conjugated polymer lasers. High photoluminescence efficiencies and large stimulated emission cross-sections coupled with wavelength tunability and low-cost manufacturing processes make conjugated polymers ideal laser gain materials. In recent years, conjugated polymer lasers have become an attractive research direction in the field of organic lasers and numerous breakthroughs based on conjugated polymer lasers have been made in the last decade. This paper summarizes the recent progress of the subject of laser processes employing conjugated polymers, with a focus on the photoluminescence principle and excitation radiation mechanism of conjugated polymers. Furthermore, the effect of conjugated polymer structures on the laser threshold is discussed. The most common polymer laser materials are also introduced in detail. Apart from photo-pumped conjugated polymer lasers, a direction for the future development of electro-pumped conjugated polymer lasers is proposed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Conjugated Polymer Lasers

Xia

Chen

et al. 2019

Polymers

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“…PFX in THF exhibited an absorption spectrum (dashed black line) from 300 to 420 nm with a maximum at 350 nm, which is attributed to π−π* transition from the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) to the first excited lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level in the fluorine-benzene polymeric backbones similar to poly(fluorene-alt-phenylene) absorption spectra 42−45 and PFO-co-PX in the literature. 46 Compared with PFX in THF, the absorption spectrum of PFX NPs (solid black lines) exhibited similar behavior without any absorption peak shift observed but a low energy tail appears due to light scattering from NPs in suspension.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Photophysical Probing of Dye Microenvironment, Diffusion Dynamics, and Energy Transfer

2018

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The objective of this work was to apply an organic dye, tetraphenylporphrin (TPP), to probe the aggregation state, microviscosity, and diffusion dynamics of dye molecules within the interior microenvironment of conjugated polymer poly [(9,9dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(2,5-p-xylene)] nanoparticles (PFX NPs) which should open up further prospects in designing new porphyrin based nanoparticle materials and improve the knowledge of the better design of the nanophotonic devices based on dye-doped polymer NPs. This designed, aggregation-free TPP-doped PFX NPs system, exhibited remarkably high Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) efficiency, leading to a potential application as a light harvesting system or a loadable drug carrier. To this end, different concentrations of TPP were doped into PFX NPs, prepared using a reprecipitation method. To compare TPP in organic solvent with TPP within the NP microenvironment, a successful doping of TPP into PFX NPs and no TPP aggregation formed inside of the NPs were indicated. Diffusion dynamics, location and degree of freedom of TPP in the PFX NPs were investigated using time-resolved anisotropy measurements fit with a "wobbling-in-cone and lateral diffusion" model. TPP molecules were found to wobble inside the core of NPs at a semiangle of ca. 70°and laterally diffuse on the NP surface with a diffusion coefficient of ca. 10 −4 cm 2 s −1 . The microviscosity of the nanoparticles was calculated from the wobbling model as 0.9−1.2 cP which is higher than the viscosity of THF (0.48 cP). By increasing the concentration of TPP from 0 to 5 wt %, the emission color could be gradually tuned from violet to red. Stern−Volmer analysis indicates that a single TPP molecule can quench 12 PFX polymer chains, and at 5 wt % TPP, PFX emission was almost completely quenched. The emission intensity of TPP in PFX NPs is 70 times higher than in organic solvent with the excitation wavelength at 350 nm which highlights the excellent sensitization properties of this system. The combined energy diffusion and Forster energy transfer model was used to simulate the relationship of nanoparticle sizes and the energy transfer efficiency. Both of the simulation and experimental results indicate that in this system, the FRET efficiency increases with the dye density increasing and they increase gradually for small particles range of 5−20 nm, approaching constant value for particle radii above 30 nm. The exciton diffusion length was estimated as 6.5 nm.

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“…The CO had a molecular weight of 773.12 g mol −1 , and CP poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(2,5-p-xylene)] (PFO-co-pX) had a molecular mass of 120,000 GPa (for molecular structure, please see [19]). They were imported from American Dye Source, Inc. (Quebec, QC, Canada).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extraordinary photophysical properties of organic semiconductor materials have attracted a great deal of interest [2,7,8,9]. Conjugated materials have become highly desired materials for photonics devices, namely, light-emitting diodes [10,11], solar cells [12,13], organic field-effect transistors [14,15], and optical gain media, especially for lasers [16,17,18,19]. However, conjugated polymers (CPs) suffer from some disadvantages such as conformation irregularities, aggregation, low solvent solubility, uncontrollable polydispersity, and batch-to-batch irregularities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optically Pumped Intensive Light Amplification from a Blue Oligomer

et al. 2019

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We demonstrated the time-resolved dynamics of laser action from the conductive oligomer (CO) 1,4-Bis(9-ethyl-3-carbazo-vinylene)-9,9-dihexyl-fluorene (BECV-DHF). Absorption and fluorescence spectra were studied for BECV-DHF in different solvents under a wide range of concentrations. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum was measured using simulation and experiments. The Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-VIS) spectra of the BECV-DHF were simulated in two different solutions. This CO formed a dimer and had two vibration bands in nonpolar solvents, partially dissolved in polar protic solvents, and created an H-type aggregate in polar aprotic solvents. BECV-DHF produced amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) at 464 nm in many solvents. The high efficiency of ASE is due to the waveguiding and self-assembly nature of the oligomer, which is very rare for optically pumped systems. However, BECV-DHF did not produce ASE in polar protic solvents. BECV-DHF produced ASE in both longitudinal and transverse pumping, and the full-width half maximum (FWHM) was 4 nm and 8 nm respectively for different solvents, such as toluene and acetone. The CO had a very low threshold pump energy (~0.5 mJ). The ASE efficiency was approximately 20%. The time-resolved spectroscopy (TRS) studies showed a temporal Gaussian-shaped ASE output from this CO. BECV-DHF shows remarkably high stability compare to the conjugated polymer (CP) PFO-co-pX.

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An Efficient Violet Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) from a Conjugated Polymer (PFO-co-pX) in Solution

Cited by 6 publications

References 40 publications

Advances in Conjugated Polymer Lasers

Advances in Conjugated Polymer Lasers

Photophysical Probing of Dye Microenvironment, Diffusion Dynamics, and Energy Transfer

Optically Pumped Intensive Light Amplification from a Blue Oligomer

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