“…Quantum entanglement performs an important function in quantum information processing (QIP) and constitutes an essential resource for quantum communication and quantum computing. It has a wide range of applications in quantum key distribution, [1][2][3][4][5][6] quantum secret sharing, [7][8][9][10][11][12] quantum secure direct communication, [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] and so on. Nowadays, hyperentanglement, which refers to a quantum system that is simultaneously entangled in multiple degrees of freedom (DoFs) of photon systems, [22][23][24][25][26] has been demonstrated and has attracted widespread attention due to its excellent properties, including its high capacity, low loss rate, fewer quantum resources, and loss decoherence characteristics.…”