An efficient regeneration system via direct and indirect organogenesis for the medicinal plant Dysosma versipellis (Hance) M. Cheng and its potential as a podophyllotoxin source

Abstract

Dysosma versipellis (Hance) M. Cheng is an endangered plant due to overharvesting for the extraction of podophyllotoxin. Thus, the in vitro technique is valuable for the propagation of this species. When the explants of rhizome buds were cultured on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium with 6-benzyladenine (BA) (1.0 mg l -1 ), gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) (0.5 mg l -1 ) and zeatin (Zea) (0.5 mg l -1 ), multiple buds were regenerated directly on the explants without callusing within 6 weeks. Callus was induced from the leaf segment cultures on MS basal medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (0.5 mg l -1 ) and BA (0.2 mg l -1 ) within 4 weeks. The adventitious buds were differentiated when the calli were subcultured on MS medium supplemented with BA (1.0 mg l -1 ) and thidiazuron (TDZ) (0.2 mg l -1 ) within 6 weeks. The adventitious buds obtained from callus and the rhizome-buds rooted with a frequency of 100% on half strength MS medium fortified with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) 0.5 mg l -1 and activated charcoal (AC) 0.5 g l -1 for 4 weeks. The rooted shoots were successfully transplanted from a mixture of vermiculite:soil (1:1 v/v) to the field with a survival rate of 85%. Podophyllotoxin production in calli, cultured rhizomes, rhizomes of transplanting plants from the garden and rhizomes in the wild field was confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Our results suggest that calli, cultured rhizomes and rhizomes of transplanting plants would be the potential sources of podophyllotoxin.

Enhanced production of podophyllotoxin, kaempferol, and quercetin from callus culture of Dysosma pleiantha (Hance) Woodson: An endangered medicinal plant

“…Our result is corroborated by the observations made in a previous study where the combination of 2,4‐D and kinetin in leaf callogenesis of the Crataegus spp was indicated faster callus induction than the other combinations . In contrast to our results, leaf callus induction of D. versipellis was achieved in MS medium with 2,4‐D (0.5 mg/L) with BA (0.2 mg/L) . Thus, for callus induction, the presence of 2,4‐D in the basal medium was essential.…”

Micropropagation of Ficus religiosa L. via leaf explants and comparative evaluation of acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity in the micropropagated and conventionally grown plants

“…The nature and amount of secondary metabolites in different parts of the plants is greatly affected by the environmental condition and so naturally propagated plants are unable to yield consistent yield of secondary metabolites throughout the year (Gurel et al 2011 ; Tamara et al 2011 ). Micropropagation is a proven method for large-scale production of true-to-type medicinal plants capable of yielding desired plant-derived pharmaceuticals with consistent quality and amount (Pattnaik and Chand 1996 ; Jiang et al 2012 ). In vitro propagation methods also offer the opportunity to correlate the secondary metabolite production with several parameters like nutritional and hormonal composition of nutrient medium, growth conditions, duration of culture, etc., and so are better for production of plants for commercial, pharmaceutical applications (Gurel et al 2011 ).…”

In vitro propagation of Stemona hutanguriana W.Chuakul, an endangered medicinal plant

“…In vitro propagation has been successfully applied for the conservation of a large number of endangered plant species that have limited reproductive capacity and exist in threatened habitats (Fay 1992;George et al 2008;Pence 2010). Recently, there have been a number of established protocols for in vitro propagation of rare and threatened medicinal plants such as Dysosma versipellis (Jiang et al 2012), Polygonatum verticillatum (Bisht et al 2012), Pseudarthria viscida (Cheruvathur and Thomas 2011), and Thymus lotocephalus (Coelho et al 2012).…”