An efficient rearing system rapidly producing large quantities of poultry red mites, Dermanyssus gallinae (Acari: Dermanyssidae), under laboratory conditions

Wang, Chuanwen; Ma, Yuyun; Huang, Yu; Xu, Jianhai; Cai, Jinzhong; Pan, Baoliang

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.06.003

Cited by 28 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…D. gallinae was a kind gift from Professor Pan, China Agricultural University, China. Upon arrival, mites were kept in vivo using a rearing system by feeding on chickens, as previously described 40 . The care and use of chickens in this study were approved by the Hainan University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative morphological and transcriptomic analyses reveal chemosensory genes in the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae

Bhowmick

Tang

Lin

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Detection of chemical cues via chemosensory receptor proteins are essential for most animals, and underlies critical behaviors, including location and discrimination of food resources, identification of sexual partners and avoidance of predators. The current knowledge of how chemical cues are detected is based primarily on data acquired from studies on insects, while our understanding of the molecular basis for chemoreception in acari, mites in particular, remains limited. The poultry red mite (PRM), Dermanyssus gallinae, is one of the most important blood-feeding ectoparasites of poultry. PRM are active at night which suck the birds' blood during periods of darkness and hide themselves in all kinds of gaps and cracks during the daytime. The diversity in habitat usage, as well as the demonstrated host finding and avoidance behaviors suggest that PRM relies on their sense of smell to orchestrate complex behavioral decisions. Comparative transcriptome analyses revealed the presence of candidate variant ionotropic receptors, odorant binding proteins, niemann-pick proteins type C2 and sensory neuron membrane proteins. Some of these proteins were highly and differentially expressed in the forelegs of PRM. Rhodopsin-like G protein-coupled receptors were also identified, while insect-specific odorant receptors and odorant co-receptors were not detected. Furthermore, using scanning electron microscopy, the tarsomeres of all leg pairs were shown to be equipped with sensilla chaetica with or without tip pores, while wall-pored olfactory sensilla chaetica were restricted to the distal-most tarsomeres of the forelegs. This study is the first to describe the presence of chemosensory genes in any Dermanyssidae family. Our findings make a significant step forward in understanding the chemosensory abilities of D. gallinae.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative morphological and transcriptomic analyses reveal chemosensory genes in the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae

Bhowmick

Tang

Lin

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Dermanyssus gallinae were taken from a laboratory culture, which was originally collected from a commercial poultry farm in Pinggu District of Beijing in China, and since then was kept in the laboratory by feeding on chicks [18], named as CBP-1. To confirm the identity of the isolated strain of mite (CBP-1), molecular identification was carried out following previously described PCR-method [19].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An in vivo rearing system for D. gallinae under laboratory conditions has been developed previously by our group [18]. In this system, experimental conditions, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Darkness increases the population growth rate of the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae

Wang

Huang

et al. 2019

Parasites Vectors

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Background The poultry red mite (PRM), Dermanyssus gallinae , is one of the most economically deleterious ectoparasites affecting egg-laying hens worldwide. It may be possible to control D. gallinae populations by manipulating lighting regimes within poultry units. However, no studies have clearly shown the effects of darkness on the population growth rate of D. gallinae . Methods The effect of darkness on the population growth rate of D. gallinae was investigated, together with the first description of the molecular identity of the mite from China. Mite variables under two lighting regimens (1:23 h L:D and 12:12 h L:D) were compared, including number of mites and eggs, survival and feeding rates, engorgement, oviposition, hatchability and the life-cycle of D. gallinae. Results The results showed that the number of mites (13,763 ± 956) and eggs (5424 ± 317) in the rearing system with prolonged darkness of 1:23 h L:D at 4th week were 2.4- and 3.6-fold higher than those under a conventional lighting regimen of 12:12 h L:D, respectively. The feeding rates of mites under prolonged darkness ranged from 36.7 ± 1.1% to 52.0 ± 7.0%, which were significantly higher than those under conventional lighting regimen (ranging from 22.6 ± 1.9% to 37.3 ± 1.6%). The mean weight of engorged females (0.26 ± 0.01 mg) and the mean number of eggs per female (on average 5.87 ± 0.36) under prolonged darkness were significantly higher than those under conventional lighting regimen (0.22 ± 0.01 mg and 3.62 ± 0.31, respectively). However, the survival rate ranging from 98.07 ± 0.10% to 98.93 ± 0.19%, hatchability of 97.93 ± 0.01% and the life-cycle of D. gallinae (9 days) was not affected by the lighting period. Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that prolonged darkness significantly promoted the proliferation levels of D. gallinae , resulting in increased number of mites and eggs in the rearing system. The promoted population growth of D. gallinae was found to be related to the increased feeding rate, engorgement level and oviposition level of mites under prolonged darkness. The egg hatchability, the survival rates and the duration of life-cycle of D. gallinae were not affected by the light regimes.

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“…This could be addressed by having a continual lab supply of mites from infested hens under controlled conditions (e.g. see Wang et al, 2018) or, preferably, from a continuous in vitro culture system. We have previously described optimisation of mite conditioning (Nunn et al, 2019) for the on-hen feeding assay and this helps in addressing some of the issues around variability in feeding rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evaluation of feeding, mortality and oviposition of poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) on aging hens using a high welfare on-hen feeding device

2020

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A study was performed to examine any effect of hen age on the feeding ability and mortality of different life-stages of Dermanyssus gallinae [Poultry Red Mite (PRM)] when fed using a high welfare, on-hen mite feeding device. Mite feeding assays were carried out every two weeks on a cohort of five Lohman Brown hens with devices containing adult and deutonymph PRM or adult and protonymph PRM. Feeding rates and mortality of each PRM life stage and oviposition of adult female PRM were evaluated over an 18-week period. There was a significant reduction in oviposition rates of female PRM as they fed on hens of increasing age. However, no clear trend was detected between the feeding rates of all three haematophagous life stages and hen age. The same conclusion was reached regarding mite mortality post-feeding in both deutonymph and adult female PRMs, although a weak positive association was apparent between hen age and protonymph PRM mortality. This study shows that the on-hen feeding device can be used both for short term studies to assess novel anti-PRM products (new acaricides, vaccines etc.) and longer, longitudinal studies to determine longevity of the effects of such novel anti-PRM products. It also demonstrates that blood feeding by mites on older hens is less able to sustain PRM populations than feeding on younger hens. This on-hen mite feeding device directly impacts upon reduction and refinement by greatly reducing the numbers of birds required per experimental group compared to traditional PRM challenge infestation models and by eliminating the need for birds to be exposed to large numbers of mites for extended periods of time that can cause welfare concerns. This paper describes the methodology for these studies and how to assemble pouches and handle mites both before and after feeding assays.

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An efficient rearing system rapidly producing large quantities of poultry red mites, Dermanyssus gallinae (Acari: Dermanyssidae), under laboratory conditions

Cited by 28 publications

References 34 publications

Comparative morphological and transcriptomic analyses reveal chemosensory genes in the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae

Comparative morphological and transcriptomic analyses reveal chemosensory genes in the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae

Darkness increases the population growth rate of the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae

The evaluation of feeding, mortality and oviposition of poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) on aging hens using a high welfare on-hen feeding device

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