An Efficient MPPT Technique-Based Single-Stage Incremental Conductance for Integrated PV Systems Considering Flyback Central-Type PV Inverter

Abstract

Central-type photovoltaic (PV) inverters are used in most large-scale standalone and grid-tied PV applications due to the inverter’s high efficiency and low-cost per kW generated. The perturbation and observation (P&O) and incremental conductance (IncCond) have become the most common techniques for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) strategies of PV/wind generation systems. Typically, the MPPT technique is applied in a two-stage operation; the first stage tracks the MPP and boosts the PV voltage to a certain level that complies with grid voltage, whereas the second stage represents the inversion stage that ties the PV system to the grid. Therefore, these common configurations increase the system size and cost as well as reduce its overall footprint. As a result, this paper applies two IncCond MPPT techniques on a proposed single-stage three-phase differential-flyback inverter (DFI). In addition, the three-phase DFI is analyzed for grid current negative-sequence harmonic compensation (NSHC). The proposed system efficiently provides a MPPT of the PV system and voltage boosting property of the DC-AC inverter in a single-stage operation. Moreover, the MPPT technique has been applied through the DFI using the conventional and modified IncCond tracking strategies. Furthermore, the system is validated for the grid-tied operation with the negative-sequence harmonic compensation strategy using computer-based simulation and is tested under uniform, step-change, as well as fast-changing irradiance profiles. The average efficiencies of the proposed system, considering the conventional and modified IncCond MPPT techniques, are 94.16% and 96.4% with tracking responses of 0.062 and 0.035 s and maximum overshoot of 46.15% and 15.38%, respectively.

Performance Analysis of an Incremental Conductance MPPT Algorithm for Photovoltaic Systems Under Rapid Irradiance Changes

“…If the slope encountered is negative, then the operating point is shifted to the left by the controller by reducing the PV array voltage value, and vice versa. This happens until the slope becomes zero, and the adjustment of the voltage value will stop, indicating that the MPP has been reached [23]. Mathematically, it can be seen in equations (6) to equations (8) [23], [24].…”

“…This happens until the slope becomes zero, and the adjustment of the voltage value will stop, indicating that the MPP has been reached [23]. Mathematically, it can be seen in equations (6) to equations (8) [23], [24]. The InC algorithm, as shown in Figure 6, is a conventional algorithm widely used nowadays because of its simple characteristics and cheaper financing and application [25], [26].…”

Revolutionary building approach for maximal photovoltaic system results to improve maximum power point tracking in solar inverter

“…The input energy is 𝐸 𝑖𝑛 , the normalized power is 𝑃 ̅ , the capacitance deviation is ∆𝐶 𝑏𝑢𝑠 , and the normalized capacitance is 𝐶 ̅ 𝑏𝑢𝑠 . The constant is denoted k. Considering the structure's physical limitations and operational characteristics, it is presumed that the disruption is limited as shown in Equation (3).…”

“…The overall system efficiency needs to be improved. The PV system utilizes just one power transformation, known as an inverter, to carry out both tasks: The system optimizes power output from solar PV arrays using an MPPT method and then transfers the generated DC energy to the AC network while ensuring power quality standards are met [3]. The singlestage converter outperforms multiple-stage methods in effectiveness, small size, and costeffectiveness.…”

Reliability-Based Model for Incomplete Preventive Replacement Maintenance of Photovoltaic Power Systems

“…Compared with the hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm, the ability of the best algorithm to track MPPT accurately under the condition of partial shadow (PS) is verified. Reference [9] applied two IncCond MPPT techniques to the proposed single-stage three-phase differential flyback inverter (DFI). In addition, the negative sequence harmonic compensation (NSHC) of three-phase DFI is also analyzed.…”