An Efficient Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Novel 2‐Amino 3‐Cyano Pyridine Derivatives using Two Reusable Solid Acids as Catalysts

Abstract

Two solid acids, Fe3+ K‐10 montmorillonite clay and HY‐zeolite, have been employed efficiently for synthesis of 2‐amino 3‐cyano pyridines 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 4i, 4j, 4k, 4l, 4m, 4n, 4o, 4p, 4q, 4r, 4s, 4t, 4u, 4v, 4w, 4x by multicomponent reaction of 3‐acetyl 4‐hydroxy coumarin 1a, 1b, 1c, 1,3‐diphenyl‐1H‐pyrazole‐4‐carbaldehyde 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f, 2g, 2h, malononitrile 3, and ammonium acetate. Both the catalysts are recoverable and recyclable. The main significant of this procedure is short reaction time, high yields, easy workup procedure, and being environmentally friendly. The structures of all the compounds have been well characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectral data. All the synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial and antifungal activities.

N−SO3H Functionalised Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid Catalysed Sequential One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐3‐Cyanopyridines via Claisen‐Schmidt Condensation Under Solvent‐free Condition

“…Functionalized pyridines have received considerable recognition over the past few decades for their broad range of biological activities [1,2] . Among them, 2‐amino‐3‐cyanopyridines are known to exhibit numerous biological activities like anti‐bacterial [3] IKK‐β inhibition, [4] A 2A adenosine receptor antagonistic properties, [5] HIV‐1 integrase inhibition, [6] carbonic anhydrase inhibition, [7] antifungal, [8] anti‐inflammatory, [4] anticancer, [9] anti‐parkinsonism properties [6] and many more. Due to the prominence of biologically active pyridine derivatives, their synthesis occupies a pivotal place in organic chemistry and several methods for their synthesis using a variety of catalysts have been developed [10–15] .…”