An efficient MgAl2O4 spinel additive for improved slag erosion and penetration resistance of high-Al2O3 and MgO–C refractories

Ganesh, Ibram; Bhattacharjee, Sudeep; Saha, Bhaskar; Johnson, Roy; Rajeshwari, K.; Sengupta, Rajatendu; Rao, M.V.Ramana; Mahajan, Y. R.

doi:10.1016/s0272-8842(01)00086-4

Cited by 150 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The increased resistance to slag penetration by spinel formation is in good agreement with the observation of Ganesh et al [12] As seen in Table V, very little amount of liquid phase is observed 4 mm away from the slag-MS2 interface. A lot of spinel particles are still found in Zone C after reaction of 30 minute.…”

Section: B Effect Of Colloidal Alumina Additionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Goto and coworkers [11] have found that CaO-Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 slag penetrated into MgO-MgOAEAl 2 O 3 spinel bricks could lead to the formation of secondary spinel, CaMgSiO 4 , Ca 3 MgSi 2 O 8 , and MgO as microscopic corrosion products. Recently, aluminum oxide as an addition was added into MgO-C refractory by Ganesh et al [12,13] They found that refractories containing in situ spinel improved ceramic bonding and corrosion resistance. Some studies [14][15][16] have also been conducted to investigate the corrosion mechanism in the MgO-Al 2 O 3 refractories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improvement of Resistance of MgO-Based Refractory to Slag Penetration by In Situ Spinel Formation

Wang

Glaser

Sichen

2015

Metall Mater Trans B

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MgO-in situ spinel substrate was prepared at 1773 K (1500°C) using colloidal alumina suspension and coarse MgO as raw materials. While the addition of 10 mass pct colloidal alumina had limited effect, addition of 20 mass pct colloidal alumina into the MgO matrix improved greatly the resistance of the substrate against the slag penetration at 1873 K (1600°C). The improvement was found to be mainly related to the formation of solid phases, CaOAEAl 2 O 3 and CaOAEMgOAEAl 2 O 3 at the grain boundaries due to slag-spinel reaction. Putting the reacted substrate into contact again with new slag revealed no appreciable new slag penetration. The results showed a potential solution to improve the resistance of MgO-based refractory to slag penetration and to improve steel cleanness.

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Section: B Effect Of Colloidal Alumina Additionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Resistance of MgO-Based Refractory to Slag Penetration by In Situ Spinel Formation

Wang

Glaser

Sichen

2015

Metall Mater Trans B

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“…8 . However, it is very difficult to synthesize fine spinel powders with high purity from conventional solid-state reaction route since the technique requires repeated grinding and calcination steps to get the desired properties, which invariably contaminate the powders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low temperature synthesis of magnesium oxide and spinel powders by a sol-gel process

Yin²,

et al. 2010

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Magnesium oxide and magnesium aluminate (MgAl 2 O 4 ) spinel (MAS) powders have been synthesized by a simple aqueous sol-gel process using citrate polymeric precursors derived from magnesium chloride, aluminium nitrate and citrate. The thermal decomposition of the precursors and subsequent formation of cubic MgO and MAS were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetrydifferential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR). The single phase cubic MgO powder and MAS powder form after heat treatment at 800 and 1200 °C, respectively. The particle size of the MgO and MAS powders is about 100 nm and several micrometers, respectively. Ball milling eliminates the size of MgO and MgAl 2 O 4 spinel powders by decreasing the conglomeration of the powders.

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“…Thanks to its high thermal stability (melting point at 2135 °C), high hardness (16 GPa), high mechanical resistance, high resistance against chemical attack, wide band gap energy, high electrical resistivity, relatively low thermal expansion coefficient (9.10 -6 1/°C) between 30 and 1400 °C, low dielectric constant (ε = 7.5), low density 3.58 g/cm 3 , high thermal shock resistance, hydrophobicity and low surface acidity, MgAl2O4 has been widely used in various applications such as in metallurgical, electrochemical, radiotechnical and chemical industrial fields [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterization and ionic conductivity of MgAl2O4

Elmhamdi

Nahdi

2015

Eur. J. Chem.

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Magnesium aluminate nanoparticles have been synthesized by a citrate sol-gel route. X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy study confirmed the formation of MgAl2O4 cubic spinel structure without presence of any secondary phase. Crystallite size of the synthesized nanoparticles was found to be equal to 24 nm. The ac conductivity of MgAl2O4 was studied using complex impedance spectroscopy technique in the frequency range from 5 Hz to 13 MHz and temperature range from 673 to 798 K. The temperature and frequency dependence of ac conductivity were highlighted and the activation energies of, respectively, ac conduction and relaxation processes were also calculated.

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An efficient MgAl2O4 spinel additive for improved slag erosion and penetration resistance of high-Al2O3 and MgO–C refractories

Cited by 150 publications

References 5 publications

Improvement of Resistance of MgO-Based Refractory to Slag Penetration by In Situ Spinel Formation

Improvement of Resistance of MgO-Based Refractory to Slag Penetration by In Situ Spinel Formation

Low temperature synthesis of magnesium oxide and spinel powders by a sol-gel process

Synthesis, characterization and ionic conductivity of MgAl2O4

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