An efficient in vitro regeneration of Ceropegia noorjahaniae: an endemic and critically endangered medicinal herb of the Western Ghats

Abstract

An efficient protocol was developed for the rapid in vitro multiplication of an endemic and critically endangered medicinal herb, Ceropegia noorjahaniae Ans., via enhanced axillary bud proliferation from nodal explants. The effects of phytohormones [6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), kinetin (Kin) thidiazuron (TDZ), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)] on in vitro regeneration were investigated. The highest number of shoots (18.3 ± 1.3), maximum shoot length (10.1 ± 0.8 cm) and the highest response of shoot induction (95 %) were recorded on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BAP. Rooting was best achieved on half-strength MS medium augmented with IBA (1.0 mg/l). Half-strength MS medium supplemented with BAP (4 mg/l) and sucrose (5 %, w/v) produced an average of 5.6 flower buds per microshoots with highest (90 %) flower bud induction response. The plantlets regenerated in vitro with well-developed shoot and roots were successfully established in pots containing sterile sand and coco peat (1:1) and grown in a greenhouse with 85 % survival rate. The regenerated plants did not show any detectable morphological variation. The developed method can be successfully employed for large-scale multiplication and conservation of C. noorjahaniae.

Efficient plant regeneration and molecular marker-based genetic integrity analysis of Ceropegia lawii Hook: An endemic and endangered herb

“…Moreover, the roots produced in the IBA-supplemented medium were thicker, having an added advantage during the acclimatization process. A similar observation was made previously in Ceropegia noorjahaniae [21]. The highest root induction frequency (89.62%) and optimal root number (6.9 ± 0.1) were attained using IBA at 1.5 mg/l (Table 2, Fig.…”

In vitro Propagation of Lagenaria Siceraria: A Plant of the Cucurbitaceae Family with High Medicinal Value

“…During this study MS medium supplemented with BAP (2 mg/L) was effective for 100% shoot multiplication in shoot tips of Lagenaria siceraria. The effect of BAP on multiple shoot formation has also been studied in various medicinal plant species such as Stevia rebaudiana [24] and Ceropegia noorjahaniae [25]. An increase of the concentration of BAP beyond the optimum concentration led to a decrease in the number of shoots and this corresponds with findings of Hasbullah and his colleagues [9].…”

In vitro arrow cane (Gynerium sagitatum Aubl.) multiplication in double phase medium

“…The data collected in this research showed that cultures grown continuously with no transfers to fresh medium and absence of shoot cutting resulted in shoots >40% larger than those sequentially severed, separated and transferred to fresh medium periodically during the 120 days of the research; this may indicate that subculture induces some stress levels by structure severing and high nutrient saturation on fresh medium that negatively affect shoot growth . Plant size is especially important for plant survival during transfer to ex vitro conditions; in vitro propagated plants grow under very low light intensities (<60 µmol m -2 s -1 ) that prevents photosynthesis activation and therefore, energetic compound supply, usually sucrose, in needed, creating a heterotrophic (photomixotrophic) model for in vitro plant growth and development (Kapchina-Toteva et al, 2014;Nunes et al, 2016;Chavan et al, 2014). Because of this external energetic support, when transferred to ex vitro conditions, plants must have plenty of carbohydrate reserves in organs, such as leaves and stems, that serve as "life boat" effect before newly photosynthetic active leaves are formed.…”