An efficient hybrid visible light communication/radio frequency system for vehicular applications

Momen, Marwa M. Abdel; Fayed, Heba A.; Aly, Moustafa H.; Ismail, Nour Eldin; Mokhtar, Adel

doi:10.1007/s11082-019-2082-7

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In ITS, visible light communication (VLC) technology is preferred over all other optical wireless systems, mainly because it is cost-effective and there is no need for "licensing" or new infrastructure. It can be used for communication due its wide range, and is environmentally friendly [1][2][3]. VLC was introduced for ITS interaction to complement and commute the present radio frequency (RF) communication by solving the saturation problem in its band, considering each light source as a free access point [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outdoor Visible Light Communication in Intelligent Transportation Systems: Impact of Snow and Rain

et al. 2019

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A comprehensive study of outdoor visible light communication (VLC) under snow and rain effects has been conducted in this paper. This paper analyzes the expected rain attenuation of Marshal, Carbonneau, and Japan models at different precipitation levels. Snow attenuation is measured in wet and dry situations at various precipitation levels as well. Therefore, a full comparison is carried out for different attenuation effects on certain outdoor VLC design characteristics such as the maximum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), optical power received, bit error rate (BER), and maximum coverage area. VLC with various modulation techniques is considered. The ON–OFF Keying (OOK), L-Pulse Position Modulation (L-PPM), Inverse L-Pulse Position Modulation (I-L-PPM), and Subcarrier Binary Phase-Shift Keying (SC-BPSK) are investigated. The simulation results show a considerable difference in the information received under different weather conditions depending on the type of modulation scheme used. The simulation has been done on a two-lane road, and a green traffic light-emitting diode (LED) with a wavelength of 505 nm is used as a transmitter. A non-imaging concentrator coupled with a photodetector is considered to be a cost-effective receiver.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outdoor Visible Light Communication in Intelligent Transportation Systems: Impact of Snow and Rain

et al. 2019

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“…An alternative to the avalanche photodiode (APD) is a 2-dimensional (2D) image sensor to be able to reduce the device complexity and the impact of unwanted signals [13]. Each pixel will have an independent field of view (FoV) when used as a receiver in a 2D image sensor.…”

Section: System Structure and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where ɸ1 2 ⁄ is the half power semi-angle. The direct current channel gain ℎ(0) in the optical wireless communication channel is given by [13,20]…”

Section: Vlc Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Opto-Electronics Review

EL-Garhy,

Khalaf,

Aly

et al. 2022

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Various intelligent transportation systems are proposed in different forms of wireless communication technologies. Recently, the importance of visible light communication and free-space optics has been demonstrated in accomplishing vehicle-to-vehicle and infrastructure-to-vehicle communication systems, due to power efficiency, free licenses, and safety for human health. In this paper, a new hybrid relay system supported by free-space optics/visible light communication with two scenarios is proposed. The first one is that the data are transferred from the source to the relay through a free-space optics communication link and are then directed to the destination through a visible light communication link. The second scenario is that the data are transmitted from the source to the destination passing through two different relays to ensure larger coverage. A 10 −6 bit error rate is achieved at a distance of 900 m for the first scenario with a remarkable signal-to-noise ratio of ~25.5 dB, while the largest distance that can be covered by the second scenario is 1200 m with a signalto-noise ratio of ~30 dB.

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“…Some of these systems are already used for the design and simulation of intelligent traffic at real intersections [15][16][17], as well as the implementation of Roadside Smart Devices (RSDs), which are composed of a large number of sensing devices in the road with short-range wireless communication for monitoring the physical phenomena happening in the road structure, as well as communicating with the vehicles [18][19][20]. Additional examples also include a hybrid between the visible light communication (VLC) and radio frequency (RF) systems [21][22][23][24], to offer longer distance transmissions and improved I2V.…”

Section: Automotive Manufactures and Information Technology Companiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of the Magnetic Field Signals Emitted by Encoded Asphalt Pavement Materials

et al. 2020

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Asphalt materials modified with different types and dosages of magnetically responsive materials can emit patterns of magnetic signals easily detectable by magnetic field sensors. These patterns could be used to encode roads and improve infrastructure-to-vehicle (I2V)/road-to-vehicle (R2V) communications. In this sense, this paper presents a laboratory study addressed to analyze the magnetic field signals emitted by encoded asphalt specimens manufactured with various dosages of steel fibers. The analysis consisted in the evaluation of the influence of three parameters: (1) the height of placement of the magnetic field sensors, (2) the approach speed of the encoded specimen/vehicle and (3) the distance from signal detection. Results show that, for each one of the parameters evaluated, there is a limit value below which it is possible to work with the magnetic signal emitted by the encoded samples. A proof of concept was used to validate the results obtained.

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An efficient hybrid visible light communication/radio frequency system for vehicular applications

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Outdoor Visible Light Communication in Intelligent Transportation Systems: Impact of Snow and Rain

Outdoor Visible Light Communication in Intelligent Transportation Systems: Impact of Snow and Rain

Opto-Electronics Review

Interpretation of the Magnetic Field Signals Emitted by Encoded Asphalt Pavement Materials

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