An Efficient Fast Handoff and Route Optimization Protocol for the Nested Mobile Networks

Abstract

For fast handoff protocol to succeed in nested NEMO, acquisition of new care-of-address, and exchange of signaling packets for handoff must be done with minimum delay. New careof-address can be obtained using anticipation but signaling packets must also pass through minimum number of tunnels. These challenges creates far more complex scenario than a simple NEMO and node mobility. In this paper, we propose Fast Handoff with End-to-end Route Optimization (FHE2ERO) protocol for nested mobility that meets these requirements. FHE2ERO improves previous work on route optimization by combining the handoff and route optimization process and performing L2 and the L3 handoff in parallel, thereby, significantly reducing the number of signaling packets and hence the handoff delay. Numerical analysis shows that FHE2ERO reduces both handoff delay and packet loss duration and achieves zero packet loss during successful anticipation.