An Efficient Data Collection Protocol Based on Multihop Routing and Single-Node Cooperation in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Considering the constrained resource and energy in wireless sensor networks, an efficient data collection protocol named ESCDD which adopts the multihop routing technology and the single-node selection cooperative communication is proposed to make the communication protocol more simple and easy to realize for the large-scale multihop wireless sensor networks. ESCDD uses the greedy strategy and the control information based on RTS/CTS to select forwarding nodes. Then, the hops in the multihop data transmission are reduced. Based on the power control in physical layer and the control frame called CoTS in MAC layer, ESCDD chooses a single cooperative node to perform cooperative transmission. The receiving node adopts maximal ratio combining (MRC) to recover original data. The energy consumption per hop is reduced. Furthermore, the total energy consumption in data collection process is shared by more nodes and the network lifetime is extended. Compared with GeRaF, EERNFS, and REEFG protocol, the simulation results show that ESCDD can effectively reduce the average delay of multihop data transmission, improve the successful delivery rate of data packets, significantly save the energy consumption of network nodes, and make the energy consumption more balanced.

Optimization-Based Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm for Data Collection in Large-Scale Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks

“…Data collection is one of the key technologies applied in wireless sensor networks and as such has garnered particular attention from a large number of experts and scholars [2]. In traditional data collection program design, all nodes are fixed in position to collect data before being forwarded to the Sink through routing protocol [3]. Currently, the most challenging unsolved problems with this process include (1) the energy hole problem, where data streams follow a "many-for-one" mode which subjects nodes near the Sink to greater traffic load, resulting in premature energy depletion and the creation of an "energy hole" around the Sink; (2) the communication overhead problem, where, because the self-energy of sensor nodes is limited, there is control overhead regardless of the routing protocol algorithm and thus an inherent need to control the energy consumption of network nodes; and (3) the communication constraint problem, where the data from some certain nodes cannot be transmitted and thus necessitates control strategies for communication reliability, when the network is not connected.…”

“…(1) Initialize the routing table (2) While TRUE do (3) Listen for packets; (4) If Receive Broad Msg{0, 0, 0} (5) Be selected as a cluster; (6) Send Broad Msg{1, SNA, 0} //SNA is the network address of current node 7Else If Receive Broad Msg{1, srcNetwAddr, hop} (8) Lookup routing table with destination srcNetwAddr; (9) If no corresponding route item (10) Add new item to the routing table {Destination = srcNetwAddr, Metric = hop + 1} (11) Broadcast Broad Msg{1, srcNetwAddr, hop + 1} (12) Else If Metric > hop + 1 (13) Update route item with new metric Metric = hop + 1 (14) Broadcast Broad Msg{1, srcNetwAddr, hop = 1} (15) Else (16) Ignore current broadcast message (17) End If (18) End If…”