2013
DOI: 10.1039/c3py00237c
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An efficient approach to prepare ether and amide-based self-catalyzed phthalonitrile resins

Abstract: Phthalonitrile polymers with amide and ortho-, meta-, and para-substituted ether linkages in the backbone were synthesized successfully and their thermal properties were investigated. The monomer building blocks for these polymers were cured without the addition of catalysts due to the self-catalyzing nature of the monomer's amino group. The ether and amide functionalities in the chain enhanced their processability without compromising thermal stability. The resins exhibited a low complex viscosity over a wide… Show more

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Cited by 54 publications
(38 citation statements)
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“…For procedure (b), no obvious T g are observed in the range of 500 °C for both molar ratio samples. With longer exposure at 375 °C, the samples have progressed to afford a resin with a high crosslink density (Table S1) and M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT mechanical properties reflecting its glassy state over the entire temperature range of the measurements, which shows that the cured polymers have excellent thermal properties, compared with other phthalonitrile polymers [2,4,6,[24][25][26]. The thermal and thermal-oxidative properties of the cured CC/CN blends at different cured extents with different molar ratios were evaluated up to 800 °C in TGA chamber at a heating rate of 10 °C/min under nitrogen and air atmosphere.…”
Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning
confidence: 97%
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“…For procedure (b), no obvious T g are observed in the range of 500 °C for both molar ratio samples. With longer exposure at 375 °C, the samples have progressed to afford a resin with a high crosslink density (Table S1) and M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT mechanical properties reflecting its glassy state over the entire temperature range of the measurements, which shows that the cured polymers have excellent thermal properties, compared with other phthalonitrile polymers [2,4,6,[24][25][26]. The thermal and thermal-oxidative properties of the cured CC/CN blends at different cured extents with different molar ratios were evaluated up to 800 °C in TGA chamber at a heating rate of 10 °C/min under nitrogen and air atmosphere.…”
Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…The CC/CN system was chosen to fully characterize the cure behavior and properties of the derived polymers. The cured polymers showed comparable or even higher thermal oxidation stability with almost no voids compared with that of the phthalonitrile resins promoted by traditional curing system of active hydrogen [2,4,[24][25][26]. Additionally, water absorbance at boiling condition and dielectric constant were characterized.…”
Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning
confidence: 97%
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“…This means the process window of the 5/6 mixture is about 70e88 C relying on the diamine inclusion. The values are comparable to those of many phthalonitrile monomers such as BZBPh [19b], 3b-c [39], and 4M-P [3b], but still lower than those of the RTM-processable resins like RPh [7a], N ¼ 2 [33], TDPE [13b], and HSiPN-ViSiPN [17] (see Table S5, column Process window). After gelation, the viscosity of the mixture increased abruptly as soon as the temperature was elevated to 275 C. Intriguingly, the viscosity then exhibited a steady trend from 300 C to 350 C, possibly because the increasing temperature generally drives the viscosity declined, simultaneously suppresses the curing rate (see Fig.…”
Section: Indexmentioning
confidence: 58%
“…The fact is ascribed to the corresponding increase of the cross-linking density driven by the increasing 6 inclusion. Furthermore, owing to the presence of the thermally stable phenyl-s-triazine units in the polymer backbone, these thermal data are higher than those of many cured poly(aryl ether)-based phthalonitrile networks (e.g., PAEK-CN [40], PEN-t-BAPh [21a], , and also several oligomers disclosed by Keller [3f,9,33,41]), the ether-linked monomers (e.g.,BDS [42], BPh, BAPh, 6FPH [15b], RPh [7a], and monomers 1e3 [16b]), and the self-curable monomers (e.g.,2OeP [16a], 3a-b [39], and 4O-M [3b]), but slightly lower than those of the cured TDPE [13b] and silane-bearing HSiPN-ViSiPN [17] (The corresponding thermal data of the reported networks are summarized in Table S5). However, a certain length of the molecular chain of 5 lowers the cross-linking density of 7 as compared to the above mentioned phthalonitrile monomers, which weakens the role of phenyl-s-triazine groups, in turn to lower the thermal stabilities of (7) after cured with different mass ratios of 6 under N 2 atmosphere.…”
Section: Thermal and Thermo-oxidative Stabilitymentioning
confidence: 95%