An efficient antenna system with improved radiation for multi-standard/multi-mode 5G cellular communications

Abstract

This paper introduces a multi-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array system that provides improved radiation diversity for multi-standard/multi-mode 5G communications. The introduced MIMO design contains four pairs of miniaturized self-complementary antennas (SCAs) fed by pairs of independently coupled structures which are symmetrically located at the edge corners of the smartphone mainboard with an overall size of 75 × 150 (mm2). Hence, in total, the design incorporates four pairs of horizontally and vertically polarized resonators. The elements have compact profiles and resonate at 3.6 GHz, the main candidate bands of the sub-6 GHz 5G spectrum. In addition, despite the absence of decoupling structures, adjacent elements demonstrate high isolation. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first type of smartphone antenna design using dual-polarized self-complementary antennas that could possess anti-interference and diversity properties. In addition to exhibiting desirable radiation coverage, the presented smartphone antenna also supports dual polarizations on different sides of the printed circuit board (PCB). It also exhibits good isolation, high-gain patterns, improved radiation coverage, low ECC/TARC, and sufficient channel capacity. The introduced antenna design was manufactured on a standard smartphone board and its main characteristics were experimentally measured. Simulations and measurement results are generally in good agreement with each other. Moreover, the presented antenna system delivers low SAR with adequate efficiency when it comes to the appearance of the user. Hence, the design could be adapted to 5G hand-portable devices. As an additional feature, a new ultra-compact phased array millimeter-wave antenna with super-wide bandwidth and end-fire radiation is being introduced for integration into the MIMO antenna systems. As a result, the proposed antenna system design with improved radiation and multi-standard operation is a good candidate for future multi-mode 5G cellular applications.

Designing Eight-port Antenna Array for Multi-Band MIMO Applications in 5G Smartphones

“…The four antennas (ant. [1][2][3][4] in the corners of the main PCB are relied upon to build a MIMO system which can operate in a single 3.445-3.885 GHz band, as part of the 5G n77 and n78 NR (new radio) bands. The other four MIMO elements (ant.…”

“…The constantly increasing data transmission rates and the advent of smart services motivate researchers to develop wireless communication techniques. This leads to the need of an antenna system that can simultaneously operate with different frequencies, providing high data rates, good quality of service, and very low latency [1], [2]. The 5G technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) are recognized as the key trends capable of transforming education, industry, healthcare, and other public areas in the future [3].…”

Design and Performance Evaluation of a 6×6 MIMO Array with Partial Ground Plane for Sub-6 GHz Mobile Applications

“…In recent times the researchers have also made several approaches to propose innovative designs consisting of six [9], eight [10][11][12][13], ten [14] and twelve [15,16] element MIMO array antennas to improve the parameter of MIMO for mobile phone for sub-6 GHz (5G) communications. In [9], the authors have proposed a six-element MIMO array that operates below 2.5 GHz.…”

“…In [10], an eight-element (8×8) array designed for the 3.5 GHz 5G band on an FR4 substrate. This design employs a modified and rectangular-slotted ground plane, with antennas placed side by side for [11]. With this technique the array produces a high-gain pattern, improved radiation coverage and low ECC level of 0.004 in simulation.…”

Multi-Input Multi-Output Antenna Array Design for 5G N78 Applications in Smartphones

“…With the development of wireless communication technologies, there has been a recent increase in demand for smart services and high transmission rates. The 5G wireless communication systems have gained more attention in both academic and industrial domains because of their high transmission rate, high access rate, short latency, and significant spectral efficiency [1]. In 5G mobile devices, the MIMO antenna method has been employed to increase channel capacity and spectrum efficiency without needing extra bandwidth or transmitting power [2].…”