An efficient and gentle enzymatic digestion protocol for the extraction of microplastics from bivalve tissue

Friesen, Lisa W. von; Granberg, Maria; Hassellöv, Martin; Gabrielsen, Geir Wing; Magnusson, Kerstin

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.03.016

Cited by 95 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…It is a challenge to isolate microlitter from diverse matrices, especially biota, without destroying or losing the plastic particles during the process. An increasing body of extraction methods is perpetually published (Cole et al 2014;Avio et al 2015b;Dehaut et al 2016;Catarino et al 2017;Enders et al 2017;Karami et al 2017;Thiele et al 2019;von Friesen et al 2019). With current state-of-the-art extraction methods, large microlitter particles of 1-5 mm loose seemingly small amounts of their mass, such as 0.5% (Hove et al unpublished).…”

Section: Methodological Challenges In Field Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of Seafood for Microplastics

Kögel¹,

Refosco²,

Maage³

2020

Handbook of Microplastics in the Environment

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Surveillance of seafood for microplastic is in high demand, but there are challenges in the establishment of appropriate methods. Even though there are more than hundred scientific publications presenting numbers about the occurrence of plastics in seafood organisms, currently, these numbers are largely not comparable and afflicted with high uncertainty. They represent rather pioneering work, than surveillance. The research field is developing rapidly, continuously challenging and updating definitions and descriptions on the location, quality and quantity of microplastic. A major reason behind those challenges is of a new type, due to the particular nature of this pollutant, as opposed to other previously analyzed pollutants, which are soluble. When dealing with particle uptake into organisms, we claim that it is pivotal to take into account the size and shape of the particles. Most often, only plastic particles above several hundred μm and only from the gastrointestinal tract were included in field studies, typically leading to observations of on average 0-3 particles per fish. However, for both seafood organisms and human health, plastic particles in edible tissue are of higher concern, than those passing through the gastrointestinal system. According to exposure studies, the size of microlitter particles that are most likely to be transported into tissue and have accumulation potential, is lower than 50 μm. The few publications investigating the smaller size classes and tissues, do detect and report microlitter contamination, and therefore, warrant further investigation. Additionally, appropriate quality control needs to be included, and measurement uncertainties assessed.

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Section: Methodological Challenges In Field Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of Seafood for Microplastics

Kögel¹,

Refosco²,

Maage³

2020

Handbook of Microplastics in the Environment

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“…10 The use of KOH to process biota presents an example of how the ratio of KOH to gram of tissue can influence effectiveness. For example, 10 mL of 1 M KOH added to samples ranged from 0 to 10 g was not sufficient to process bivalve tissue, 81 whereas between 100 and 300 mL of 10% KOH can be required for samples with a mass <6 g. 13 While KOH is effective for digestion of biota, it is recommended in combination with other extraction methods for more complex matrices.…”

Section: Digestion Of Samples Containing Biological and Organic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Extraction of Microplastics from Environmental Samples: An Evaluation of Practical Approaches and Recommendations for Further Harmonization

et al. 2020

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“…This made them very easy to analyse both with stereomicroscopy, which is good enough for separating microplastics from non-plastic particles, and with automated analyses with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) or Raman spectroscopy, where the specific polymer of the plastic particles is revealed. Water samples treated with pancreatic enzymes (von Friesen et al 2019) were free from most organic material but contained a substantial quantity of chitinous zooplankton carapaces. When the samples were wet the chitin making up the carapaces was almost transparent so the visual analyses with stereomicroscopy was only moderately obstructed.…”

Section: Water Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A quality check of the two methods used to remove organic matter (Löder et al 2017 andvon Friesen et al 2019) was carried out by adding reference particles of different plastic polymers to the samples before the treatment and analysing both the recovery rate and any adverse effects on the particles. Stereomicroscopic inspection was used to reveal larger structural differences and to verify the percentage of recovered particles.…”

Section: Water Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of microplastics in the marine environment

Setälä¹,

Granberg²,

Hassellöv³

et al. 2019

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Nordic cooperation has firm traditions in politics, the economy, and culture. It plays an important role in European and international collaboration, and aims at creating a strong Nordic community in a strong Europe. Nordic cooperation seeks to safeguard Nordic and regional interests and principles in the global community. Shared Nordic values help the region solidify its position as one of the world's most innovative and competitive.

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An efficient and gentle enzymatic digestion protocol for the extraction of microplastics from bivalve tissue

Cited by 95 publications

References 23 publications

Surveillance of Seafood for Microplastics

Surveillance of Seafood for Microplastics

Isolation and Extraction of Microplastics from Environmental Samples: An Evaluation of Practical Approaches and Recommendations for Further Harmonization

Monitoring of microplastics in the marine environment

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