An efficient and chemical oxidants-free protocol of synthesizing carboxylic acids from aldehydes catalyzed by the betaine-fatty acids ionic liquid derived from vegetable oil

Applications of Ionic Liquids in Carboxylic Acids Separation

“…In order to improve these issues, several alternatives have been investigated: the use of microwaves or ultrasounds as alternatives for reflux heating, which allows the significant reduction of both reaction time and the use of organic solvents [13,27]. One other possibility analyzed was the use of renewable sources [28,29] for ionic liquid production: amino acids [30][31][32][33][34][35][36], polysaccharides (cellulose, chitin, and starch, but also fructose, glucose, galactose and arabinose obtained from polysaccharides) [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44], fatty acids [45][46][47][48][49], organic acids [9,[50][51][52]. The synthesis of this type of bio-ionic liquids, involves less steps but requires the use of large amounts of toxic solvents and the yield varies between 35 and 85%, so further studies are still required [14].…”