An efficient analytical method to obtain the homogenised frequency-independent elastic material properties of cross-laminated timber elements

Vallely, Sven; Schoenwald, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.jsv.2022.117424

Cited by 4 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The airbags in the experiment were utilised to approximate free boundary conditions that were considered in the FEM model. The setup was equivalent to that used in a previous study which is described in more detail in [8].…”

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4. Two of the points were located close to the corners along the respective short sides of the plates, and the third was approximately in the middle of the opposite short edges, as in [8]. At the excitation point, the force and acceleration signals were measured as reference signals with a PCB 288D01 impedance head mounted in-between the shaker and the test specimen.…”

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the predicted eigenfrequencies of the smallscale ABH prototype and the reference plate without ABHs were systematically about 5 % higher than the ones in the experiment. In this study, input data from [8] was used for the CLT plates. However, the CLT in both studies is from two different producers based in different countries.…”

Section: Plate Vibrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross laminated timber elements with functional grading and localised ballast to improve airborne and impact sound insulation

Schoenwald,

Vallely

2022

Proceedings of the 10th Convention of the European Acoustics Association Forum Acusticum 2023

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All over the world, Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) elements are commonly used in the construction of multistorey timber buildings due to their structural strength and relatively low weight. In some countries, to meet the stringent requirements for impact sound insulation at low frequencies, a common solution is to ballast the entire surface of the CLT floor with a gravel layer before a floating floor is installed on top. Hereby, the gravel doubles or even triples the mass of the bare CLT floor, reducing its benefits. In a recent research project, indentations were machined into the CLT floor to accommodate the gravel ballast. The depth profile of the indentations was functionally graded so that the localised gravel ballast inside attenuates structure-borne sound more efficiently and hence improves the sound insulation. The achieved performance and targeted frequency range crucially depend on the geometry (size, depth, and profile) and the location of the indentations. Laboratory experiments on a small-scale CLT plate with functional grading and localised gravel ballast demonstrated an excellent vibration reduction, while the total mass of the bare CLT floor was increased by only 50% to a reference CLT plate.

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Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross laminated timber elements with functional grading and localised ballast to improve airborne and impact sound insulation

Schoenwald,

Vallely

2022

Proceedings of the 10th Convention of the European Acoustics Association Forum Acusticum 2023

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“…In the case of CLT buildings, the panels are modelled by shell elements. To streamline the modelling of the layered structure of the CLT panels, simplified shell elements have been proposed [15,16], although shell elements that explicitly model the layers of the panels can be used as well [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of Multi-Storey Cross-Laminated Timber Buildings for Vibration Serviceability

Kurent,

Friedman,

Brank

2024

Buildings

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In this study, the vibration serviceability of multi-storey timber buildings is addressed. The core of this study pertains to the preparation of a comprehensive finite element model to predict modal properties for an accurate vibration serviceability checking. To that end, findings obtained from studying three multi-storey timber buildings are summarized and discussed. Two of the buildings (of seven and eight storeys) consist entirely of cross-laminated timber (CLT), while the third is a five-storey hybrid CLT-concrete building. Thanks to the detailed finite element models and modal testing results, one has the capability to conduct sensitivity analyses, classical and Bayesian model updating, and uncertainty quantifications. With these methodologies, influential modelling parameters as well as the sources of modelling error were identified. This allowed for conclusions to be drawn about the in-plane shear stiffness of the constructed walls (whose higher value causes the natural frequencies to increase by up to 25%), the soil deformability (which may cause the natural frequencies to drop by up to 20%), and the perpendicular-to-the-grain deformation of floor slabs (which may lead to an overestimation of a fundamental frequency by up to 8%).

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“…One such approach in the vibro-acoustic analysis of CLT is the homogenisation of the structural element to be represented by an Equivalent Single Layer (ESL). A macromechanical method to obtain broadband frequency-independent homogenised material properties for such an ESL is presented in [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency-Independent Homogenised Elastic and Damping Constants of Cross-Laminated Timber

Vallely,

Schoenwald

2022

Proceedings of the 10th Convention of the European Acoustics Association Forum Acusticum 2023

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Engineered wood elements are composite elements that are widely used all over the world for the construction of multi-storey wooden buildings due to their favourable stiffness-to-mass-density ratio. However, this favourable structural design property is generally in contrast to properties that facilitate good vibro-acoustic performance. Fortunately, the properties of such composite elements can be tailored by adjusting the dimensions, orientations, stacking sequences, and constitutive materials of the wooden layers that are glued together. This array of additional parameters associated with composite structures allows for additional design degrees of freedom to overcome contrasting design requirements. To explore this extended design space effectively, efficient and extensible models are required; however, a major challenge for such models is the inhomogeneous and anisotropic nature of engineered wood elements. A step towards achieving efficient and extensible models is the homogenisation of such elements. So far, broadband homogenisation approaches have relied on frequency-dependent material properties. This contribution presents an experimental validation of a method for deriving frequencyindependent elastic and damping constants for crosslaminated timber and a discussion of the associated limitations of these frequency-independent constants for broadband use in building acoustics.

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An efficient analytical method to obtain the homogenised frequency-independent elastic material properties of cross-laminated timber elements

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Cross laminated timber elements with functional grading and localised ballast to improve airborne and impact sound insulation

Cross laminated timber elements with functional grading and localised ballast to improve airborne and impact sound insulation

Modelling of Multi-Storey Cross-Laminated Timber Buildings for Vibration Serviceability

Frequency-Independent Homogenised Elastic and Damping Constants of Cross-Laminated Timber

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