An Efficient Algorithm Based on Frequency Scaling for THz Stepped-Frequency SAR Imaging

Wang, Chuang; Zhang, Qunying; Hu, Jianmin; Shi, Shuyun; Li, Chao; Cheng, Wenhai; Fang, Guangyou

doi:10.1109/tgrs.2022.3161022

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The aperture synthesis techniques, which are widely used in the microwave band, have been extended to the THz spectrum [1]. Gradually, a multitude of high-precision imaging algorithms have been developed and are deployed for THz Synthetic Aperture Radar (THz SAR) systems [2]- [4]. However, these investigations remain confined to two-dimensional (2D) imaging, falling short of realizing high-precision threedimensional (3D) imaging capabilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the terahertz region, there are some considerations in image registration for InSAR compared to the microwave band. On the one hand, the bandwidth of terahertz radars typically extends to approximately 30 GHz or even larger, providing the millimeter-level range resolution [4], [7]. If the required accuracy is 0.1 pixel, the registration precision of THz InSAR must be at a sub-millimeter level, which involves a difficulty escalation of 1-2 orders of magnitude.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Coarse-to-Fine Image Registration for Repeat-Pass InSAR Based on Gabor Filter Feature and Its Application in Terahertz Region

Wang,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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In this study, a novel coarse-to-fine image registration algorithm based on feature matching using the Gabor filters is provided for repeat-pass SAR interferometry (InSAR). In the coarse registration, we propose a feature-based algorithm developed using the Gabor odd filter ratio-based operator (GOFRO), and the innovative feature based on the GOFRO (GOFRO-F) consists of the improved scale spaces and descriptors. The establishment of nonlinear scale spaces informed by the GOFRO enhances the stability of feature detection. Also, an improved 64-dimensional descriptor based on the GOFRO is presented to optimize the capability of feature matching. In the precise registration, we employ the normalized correlation coefficient algorithm (NCCA) and the random consensus sample (RANSAC) for offsets determination and the sub-pixel projection model calculation. The datasets of interferograms are derived from the 0.3 THz stepped-frequency radar. Compared to other algorithms, registration experiments of both simple and complex scatters show that GOFRO-F the speckle noise. Furthermore, the three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction is conducted based on our proposed algorithm. The results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm facilitates the attainment of millimeter-level spatial resolutions for InSAR in THz band (THz InSAR).INDEX TERMS terahertz (THz), Gabor odd filter (GOF), synthetic aperture radar (SAR), SAR interferometry (InSAR), image registration, three-dimensional imaging

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Coarse-to-Fine Image Registration for Repeat-Pass InSAR Based on Gabor Filter Feature and Its Application in Terahertz Region

Wang,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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“…In 2020, Wang et al proposed a modified RMA, which uses the NUFFT method to calculate the imaging results in three dimensions [29], but it still fails to break the limitation of imaging speed. The multi-static scaling algorithm (MSSA) and the chirp scaling algorithm (CSA) are relatively similar [30][31][32][33][34]. The wavenumber is decoupled by the phase approximation, which simplifies the imaging procedure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3-D Millimeter Wave Fast Imaging Technique Based on 2-D SISO/MIMO Array

Lin,

Yuan,

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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In this article, a novel three-dimensional (3-D) imaging method based on the range decomposing algorithm (RDA) is proposed for millimeter wave imaging. We combined it with binomial theory and we derive the theoretical formulation of RDA applied to single-input–single-output (SISO)/multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) array; meanwhile, its computational complexity and computational error are analyzed. Compared to the classical Fourier algorithm, such as the range migration algorithm (RMA) and the phase shift migration (PSM), the proposed algorithm can replace the time-consuming interpolation and accumulation operations with reasonable approximations and transformations offering a more efficient approach, while maintaining the image quality. In addition, a method based on RDA which is applicable to the transformation between MIMO and SISO, is proposed to further enhance the processing efficiency. Proof-of-principle simulation using echo data collected from a large number of antennas, verifies that the proposed algorithm has higher efficiency. In order to better verify the feasibility of the proposed algorithm, a scanning prototype located in the millimeter wave band is designed. The experimental results of different targets demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves significantly higher reconstruction efficiency when compared to the traditional algorithms.

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“…The high range resolution profile (HRRP) is obtained by applying inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) to the echoes of the SF waveform. Due to their ability in project realization and high-range-resolution performance, the SF waveforms are widely used in remote sensing, such as synthetic aperture radar (SAR) [ 3 ], inverse SAR [ 4 ], ground penetrating radar [ 5 ], through-wall imaging radar [ 6 ], and weather radar [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Method for Moving-Target HRRP via Double Step Frequency Verified by Simulation

Shen

Zhuang

Wang

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The stepped-frequency (SF) waveform is highly sensitive to the target motion, which induces range shift and echo spread in a high-range-resolution profile (HRRP). This paper proposes a method based on a cross-transmitted double-stepped frequency (DSF) waveform and the phase-cancellation technique. The proposed method obtains the stationary HRRP of the moving targets according to the inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) and complex multiplication. The results also show that the proposed method eliminates the generated false peaks from the existing methods. As a result, the obtained signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the HRRP using the proposed method is improved. Due to the cross-transmitted DSF waveform application, the proposed method adapts to higher speed targets. The analysis and simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

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An Efficient Algorithm Based on Frequency Scaling for THz Stepped-Frequency SAR Imaging

Cited by 5 publications

References 28 publications

A Novel Coarse-to-Fine Image Registration for Repeat-Pass InSAR Based on Gabor Filter Feature and Its Application in Terahertz Region

A Novel Coarse-to-Fine Image Registration for Repeat-Pass InSAR Based on Gabor Filter Feature and Its Application in Terahertz Region

3-D Millimeter Wave Fast Imaging Technique Based on 2-D SISO/MIMO Array

A New Method for Moving-Target HRRP via Double Step Frequency Verified by Simulation

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