An effective strategy for immobilizing a homogeneous palladium complex onto silica: Efficient and reusable catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura reactions

Sarmah, Chandan; Sahu, Debojeet; Das, Pankaj

doi:10.1016/j.catcom.2013.06.039

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…It was noted that the metal-containing mesoporous silica maintained a well-ordered hexagonal structure, uniformly accessible mesoporosity, a high surface area and large pore volume, all features difficult to realize by other methods. 41,56,57 These materials have been applied in ADS for the removal of DBT from n-octane and gave excellent performance. The structure-performance relationships of metal-containing mesoporous silica have also been studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controllable synthesis of functionalized ordered mesoporous silica by metal-based ionic liquids, and their effective adsorption of dibenzothiophene

Xiong¹,

Zhu²,

Ding³

et al. 2014

RSC Adv.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controllable synthesis of functionalized ordered mesoporous silica by metal-based ionic liquids, and their effective adsorption of dibenzothiophene

Xiong¹,

Zhu²,

Ding³

et al. 2014

RSC Adv.

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“…A large variety of palladium supported catalysts have been employed for SM coupling reaction [7][8][9][10]5,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Most of them are highly active and selective, showing high yields for the crosscoupling product, under mild experimental conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling of aryl iodides and phenylboronic acid over palladium-free CeO2 catalysts

Diez

Graziano-Mayer

Radivoy

et al. 2014

Applied Catalysis A: General

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Why Does Industry Not Use Immobilized Transition Metal Complexes as Catalysts?

2015

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Much effort has gone into the immobilization of homogeneous catalysts based on the idea that in this way the catalysts could be not only separated more easily from the product but also reused several times, thus reducing the cost of the catalyst use. So far none of these immobilized catalysts have been used by industry. In this article we critically review the use of immobilized homogeneous catalysts from the point of view of process development for the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industry. The first and foremost question that needs to be answered is: will immobilizing a homogeneous catalyst really lead to lower costs? The answer is thus far always no. This is caused mostly by the fact that homogeneous catalysts are not stable and thus there is little point in immobilizing them. The second reason is the extra added cost that is incurred in immobilizing the catalysts. Other problems are lower rates, sometimes lower selectivities and metal leaching. Three different areas are discussed. The research on immobilized metathesis catalysts is analyzed in detail; in general the immobilized catalysts do not achieve sufficient turnovers to be interesting for industrial use. Very many publications have appeared on immobilized palladium catalysts that were used for CC bond‐forming reactions, such as Suzuki, Heck or Sonogashira reactions. These catalysts are invariably converted to nanoparticles after the first run. Although these catalysts can be reused, there is no reason to use an expensive support based on immobilized ligands. This also does not protect the product from palladium contamination. Even more effort has gone into the immobilization of homogeneous hydrogenation catalysts. Most of these catalysts suffer from the same problems as the other immobilized catalysts: catalyst deactivation, low turnover numbers, and leaching of the metal. In addition, the heterogenization adds complexity to the system, increasing risk and prolonging process development.magnified image

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An effective strategy for immobilizing a homogeneous palladium complex onto silica: Efficient and reusable catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura reactions

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

Controllable synthesis of functionalized ordered mesoporous silica by metal-based ionic liquids, and their effective adsorption of dibenzothiophene

Controllable synthesis of functionalized ordered mesoporous silica by metal-based ionic liquids, and their effective adsorption of dibenzothiophene

Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling of aryl iodides and phenylboronic acid over palladium-free CeO2 catalysts

Why Does Industry Not Use Immobilized Transition Metal Complexes as Catalysts?

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