An Effective Hybrid Strategy for Conversion of Biomass into Furfurylamine by Tandem Pretreatment and Biotransamination

Highly Efficient Chemoenzymatic Cascade Catalysis of Biomass into Furfurylamine by a Heterogeneous Shrimp Shell-Based Chemocatalyst and an ω-Transaminase Biocatalyst in Deep Eutectic Solvent–Water

“…46 XPS, XRD, NH 3 -TPD, BET, SEM, and FT-IR analyses were performed as reported in ref 17.The content of FAL or FLA in the DES−water system was quantified using a HPLC Model 2695 (Waters Corporation, Milford, MA). 34 The relevant formula for calculations are given as follows FAL yield(%) FAL produced(g) 0.88 CC(g) 0.31…”

“…33 Recently, bioamination of FAL into FLA has attracted attention due to its high catalytic activity and selectivity under mild operation conditions. 34 Transaminase is one kind of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate-dependent enzyme that reversibly catalyzes biotransamination of an amino group donor substrate to an amino group acceptor substrate, 35 which is a powerful biocatalyst for the synthesis of organic amines. 36 In recent years, ω-transaminases have emerged as a biocatalytic alternative for the synthesis of FLA and its derivatives via bioamination.…”

“…38 Bioamination of FAL with AT2018 cells harboring ω-transaminase at a D-alanine to FAL ratio of 16:1 (mol/mol), FLA could be obtained in a yield of 74.0% at 35 °C and pH 7.5. 34 At an isopropylamine to FAL ratio of 3:1 (mol/mol) as the amine donor, PRSFDuet cells could biologically aminate FAL to FLA in a yield of 88.2% at 35 °C and pH 7.5. 36 However, excessive and expensive isopropylamine and alanine were used as amine donors for transforming FAL to FLA at <90% yields, which were not suitable for industrial application.…”

Improved conversion of bamboo shoot shells to furfuryl alcohol and furfurylamine by a sequential catalysis with sulfonated graphite and biocatalysts

“…The yield of FAM reached 83% from 20.0 mM FF with C. violaceum within 24 h. 43 90.3 mM FF was biologically aminated into FAM at 74% yield by the u-transaminase biocatalyst using a high dose of amine donor D-alanine (1.44 M). 20 Excessive D-alanine was used for FF bioamination, and a large amount of unwanted byproduct pyruvate might produce, which was not easy to be isolated from the bioamination system. IPA was used as an amine donor; however, acetone was formed as a co-product aer bioamination, which could be easily separated under a low pressure or slight heating.…”

“…XPS) analysis was performed on a physical electronics ESCA-LAB 250 spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientic Co. Ltd, USA). FF, FFA, and FAM were quantied via HPLC 20,21. FF (furfural), FAM (furfurylamine), and FFA (furfuryl alcohol) were determined by HPLC equipped with a Waters Nova-Pak C18 column (3.9 Â 150 mm, 4 mM), which were eluted by mobile phase (20 v% methanol and 80 v% water containing 0.1 wt% triuoroacetic acid) at a ow rate of 0.8 mL min À1 .…”