An effective antioxidant defense provides protection against zinc deficiency‐induced oxidative stress in Zn‐efficient maize plants

Abstract

Maize plants (Zea mays L. cv. Ganga 2 and cv. Jaunpuri satha) were grown in solution culture under glasshouse conditions at deficient (0 µM) and normal (1 µM) levels of Zn supply. Appearance of visible effects characteristic of Zn deficiency, depression in plant growth, and dry matter yield of the plants indicated that Ganga 2 was more susceptible to Zn deficiency than Jaunpuri satha. Higher susceptibility of Ganga 2 to Zn deficiency was also manifested by a greater decrease in plant dry mass and an increased accumulation of TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, describing lipid peroxidation). While total SOD activity was decreased in Zn deficient plants of Ganga 2, it was increased marginally in case of Jaunpuri satha. The marginal increase in total SOD activity in the Zn‐deficient Jaunpuri satha plants was a result of a marked increase in non‐CuZn SOD and only a slight decrease in CuZn SOD. Though Zn deficiency increased H2O2 concentration and the activities of H2O2‐scavenging enzymes in both the cultivars, there was less increase in H2O2 concentration and the activities of peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase were more prominently increased in the Zn‐efficient Jaunpuri satha. Plants of the susceptible variety, Ganga 2, accumulated higher concentrations of glutathione disulfide. It is concluded that the significant decreases in the activities of CuZn SOD (CN‐sensitive SOD) and glutathione reductase, and high concentrations of H2O2 predisposed Zn‐deficient Ganga 2 plants to more severe oxidative stress than those of Jaunpuri satha and, therefore, contributed to a greater decrease in dry matter production.

Anatomical and physiological responses Aechmea blanchetiana (Bromeliaceae) induced by silicon and sodium chloride during in vitro culture

“…This promoted the protection of the plants' tissues against oxidative damages to the membrane under salt stress, thus alleviating the toxicity of salt and increasing the growth of the A. blanchetiana plants. These nutrients are structural components of the chlorophyll molecule and play a role in forming the amino acids necessary for the processes of the antioxidant defense system, acting as enzymatic cofactors, for example (Rahman et al 2016;Tewari et al 2019;Santos et al 2021). Besides this, the greater activity of the antioxidant system enzymes leads to lower degradation of chlorophyll (Gong et al 2018).…”

Effect of zinc imbalance and salicylic acid co‐supply on Arabidopsis response to fungal pathogens with different lifestyles

“…Mitigation of oxidative stress is closely related to the role of SOD, a group of rapid enzymes present in most cell compartments (Alsher et al 2002). Reduced activity of Cu/Zn-SOD, a SOD that binds both copper and Zn as cofactors, has been reported in several species under Zn deficient conditions (Sharma et al 2004;Tewari et al 2008Tewari et al , 2019Saibi & Brini 2018), and results in increased MDA and H 2 O 2 content (Sharma et al 2004). Differences in plant antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress induction have also been reported under Zn-excess conditions (Jain et al 2010;Feigl et al 2015).…”

“… 2004 ; Tewari et al . 2008 , 2019 ; Saibi & Brini 2018 ), and results in increased MDA and H 2 O 2 content (Sharma et al . 2004 ).…”

Positive and Negative Environmental Effect of Using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Wheat under Drought Stress

“…Zinc affects the water conditions of plants as it alters stomata conductivity and transpiration. Zinc concentration affects the activity of zinc-dependent enzymes such as carbonic anhydrase, which regulates the CO 2 sensing pathway and is associated with drought tolerance [43]. SOD and CAT are involved in antioxidant defense under water scarcity [44].…”