An ecotoxicological study on tin- and bismuth-catalysed PDMS based coatings containing a surface-active polymer

Pretti, Carlo; Oliva, Matteo; Mennillo, Elvira; Barbaglia, Martina; Funel, Marco; Yasani, Bhaskar Reddy; Martinelli, Elisa; Galli, Giancarlo

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.07.023

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…While the elastomeric character of the SEBS‐based coatings is inherent in the physically cross‐linked structure of the block copolymer matrix, the elastomeric PDMS‐based coatings are chemically cross‐linked by a sol−gel curing reaction of the PDMS matrix. This requires a metal catalyst to occur, ordinarily Pt‐ and Sn‐catalysts, or Bi‐catalysts in a more eco‐sustainable approach …”

Section: Amphiphilic Surface‐active Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amphiphilic Polymer Platforms: Surface Engineering of Films for Marine Antibiofouling

Galli

Martinelli

2017

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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117

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A range of amphiphilic polymers with diverse macromolecular architectures has been developed and incorporated into films and coatings with potential for marine antibiofouling applications, without resorting to addition of currently used biocidal, toxic agents. Novel "green" chemical technologies employ different building blocks to endow the polymer film with surface activity, functionality, structure, and reconstruction according to the outer environment as a result of a tailored amphiphilic character of the polymer platform. We emphasise how these features can interplay and add synergistically to affect antifouling and fouling-release against common, widespread marine micro- and macro-fouling organisms.

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Section: Amphiphilic Surface‐active Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amphiphilic Polymer Platforms: Surface Engineering of Films for Marine Antibiofouling

Galli

Martinelli

2017

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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117

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“…Two‐layer coatings for tests with the macroalga U. linza were prepared following a previous procedure . A thin layer (∼2 µm) of the surface‐active copolymer blended with the PDMS matrix in two different loadings, w = 4 and 8 wt % with respect to PDMS, was spray‐coated on a thicker bottom layer (∼150–200 µm) of the matrix itself.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In both coating geometries, the block copolymer was physically dispersed, that is, not chemically linked, within the PDMS matrix in a semi‐interpenetrating crosslinked network. The crosslinking reaction of the PDMS matrix occurred via a condensation sol–gel process at room temperature, that was catalyzed by bismuth neodecanoate . This catalyst has recently been shown to be less toxic than tin‐based catalysts in laboratory assays against several marine species .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The crosslinking reaction of the PDMS matrix occurred via a condensation sol–gel process at room temperature, that was catalyzed by bismuth neodecanoate . This catalyst has recently been shown to be less toxic than tin‐based catalysts in laboratory assays against several marine species . Final cure was carried out at 120 °C.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a hydrosoluble and biocompatible polymer widely used in biomedical applications because of its ability to give rise to surfaces that resist protein adsorption. Amphiphilic coatings for AF/FR applications are produced by different strategies, including crosslinking of PEG with hyperbranched fluoropolymers, UV photo‐crosslinking of mixtures containing PEG and fluorinated macromonomers, and dispersions of fluorinated/PEGylated surface‐active copolymers within an elastomeric matrix, such as SEBS and PDMS . The amphiphilic surfaces created exhibit mixed hydrophilic and hydrophobic functionalities and have local nanoscale heterogeneities that deter the settlement of organisms and also minimize the intermolecular forces of interaction between biomolecules and substratum .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Amphiphilic pentablock copolymers and their blends with PDMS for antibiofouling coatings

Martinelli

Guazzelli

Bartoli

et al. 2015

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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Well-defined amphiphilic pentablock copolymers Siy-(EGx-FAz) 2 composed of polysiloxane (Si), polyethylene glycol (EG), and perfluorohexylethyl polyacrylate (FA) blocks are synthesized by ATRP of FA monomer starting from a difunctional bromo-terminated macroinitiator. Diblock copolymers EGx-FAz are also synthesized as model systems. The block copolymers are used, either alone or blended with a PDMS matrix in varied loadings, to prepare antibiofouling coatings. Angle-resolved XPS and contact angle measurements show that the coating surface is highly enriched in fluorine content but undergoes reconstruction after contact with water.Protein adsorption experiments with human serum albumin and calf serum highlight that diblock copolymers resist protein adhesion better than do pentablock copolymers. Blending of the pentablock copolymer with PDMS results in increased protein adsorption. By contrast, the PDMS-matrix coatings show high removal percentages of sporelings of the green fouling alga Ulva linza. V C 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 000: 000-000, 2015

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Antibiofouling Performance of a Metal‐Organic Gel Based on 2‐Amino‐5‐Mercapto‐1,3,4‐Thiadiazole and CuI

Zhang

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Inter

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emission of greenhouse gas because of fouling organisms settled on the submerged surfaces. [6][7][8] Biofouling can also destroy port and fishery infrastructures severely, such as clogging circulation piping. [9] In addition, marine biofouling can cause heavy economic burden. [6] For instance, according to the investigation of A. Abbott et al., [10] the additional expenses on the voyage San Francisco-Yokohama increased by $78 300 (≈77%), and the extra cost of the single voyage on Rotterdam-Calcutta increased by $143 375 (≈58%), which were due to ship's hull fouling. Strategies to prevent biofouling have been developed, including non-coating (electrical, irradiation, sonochemical techniques, surface cleaning, etc.) and coating techniques. [11] Among them, the coating techniques can be broadly divided into biocidal antifouling paints, fouling-release coatings and fouling-resistant coatings. [11][12][13] As an environment-friendly material, hydrogel has been applied in lots of fields, such as tissue engineering, [14,15] drug delivery, [16] cell engineering, [17] shape memory, [18] sensors, and soft robots. [19,20] Studies have proved that certain soft and wet surfaces, such as external layers of dolphins, porpoises, and killer whales in the marine environment, are not fouled by macrofoulers. [21] Inspired by bionics, hydrogel has been studied as an antifouling material. For example, the 3rd generation hydrogel silicone fouling release technology of Hempel has been commercialized. They modified the surface of commercial polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrixes with self-stratifying hydrogelpromoting polymers, which markedly improved the fouling resistance. [22] Kihak Gwon et al. [23] prepared several antibacterial MOF-embedded hydrogels by thiolene photopolymerization between diacrylated PEG (PEG-DA) and 4-arm thiolated PEG (4-arm PEG-SH) under UV irradiation. These MOF-embedded hydrogels were very stable and showed excellent antibacterial activity. As a special kind of hydrogel, metal-organic gels or metallogels (MOGs) are usually made up with metal ions and organic ligands through metal coordination bonds, electrostatic, van der Waals, hydrophobic, hydrogen bonding, and π-π stacking interactions. [24,25] Because of the excellent surface affinity, stimulation response and high specific surface area, MOGs can be used in medicine, environment, biology, sensing, and adsorption. [26][27][28] Nevertheless, until now, the MOGs have not been reported in the marine field for resisting biofouling.2-Amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (C 2 H 3 N 3 S 2 , AMT) is white-yellowish powdered crystalline solid at room temperature, which is regarded as a planar, pentaheterocyclic Metal-organic gels or metallogels (MOGs), which usually made up with metal ions and organic ligands, are promising in the area of medicine, environment, and biology. Herein, a new metal-organic gel containing Cu + (Cu-MOG-5) is prepared at room temperature using 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (AMT) and CuI. Considering the excellent low surface energy chara...

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An ecotoxicological study on tin- and bismuth-catalysed PDMS based coatings containing a surface-active polymer

Cited by 31 publications

References 37 publications

Amphiphilic Polymer Platforms: Surface Engineering of Films for Marine Antibiofouling

Amphiphilic Polymer Platforms: Surface Engineering of Films for Marine Antibiofouling

Amphiphilic pentablock copolymers and their blends with PDMS for antibiofouling coatings

Antibiofouling Performance of a Metal‐Organic Gel Based on 2‐Amino‐5‐Mercapto‐1,3,4‐Thiadiazole and CuI

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