An Economic Analysis of Used Electric Vehicle Batteries Integrated Into Commercial Building Microgrids

Beer, Sebastian; Gómez, Tomás; Dallinger, David; Momber, Ilan; Marnay, Chris; Städler, Michael; Lai, Jihn‐Sung

doi:10.1109/tsg.2011.2163091

Cited by 149 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…used a new unit commitment model which can simulate the interactions among plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), wind power, and demand response (DR). The benefits of EVs which work as storage devices are also discussed in different kinds of microgrids, including residential microgrid [22], industrial microgrid [23] and commercial building microgrid [24]. However, the variability of the aggregate battery storage caused by EVs' driving patterns is not discussed.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EV driving patterns which directly determine the parameters of the aggregate battery storage should gain more attention; 2) the variability of aggregate battery caused by individual EV's driving pattern and the battery cycle life reduction caused by V2G implementation are not considered in [20][21][22][23][24]. There are also few works on a proper framework to integrate the coordinated EV charging/discharging allocation into the microgrid energy management; 3) how to restrain the impact of multiple neighboring microgrids on the main grid is another focus of this work, which, however, is not considered by most of related works [10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The limit of charging/discharging power is shown in (22) and (23). The depth of discharge (DOD) must be less than (1 soc − ) to avoid over-discharge, as shown in (24). Equation (25) means that the sum of charging/discharging power of all EVs should be equal to the optimal aggregate value that is achieved from the MGCC scheduling problem.…”

Section: Ev Aggregator Scheduling Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Integrated Energy Exchange Scheduling for Multimicrogrid System With Electric Vehicles

Wang

Guan

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Smart Grid

147

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-Electric vehicles (EVs) can be considered as flexible mobile battery storages in microgrids. For multiple microgrids in an area, coordinated scheduling on charging and discharging are required to avoid power exchange spikes between the multimicrogrid system and the main grid. In this paper, a two-stage integrated energy exchange scheduling strategy for multimicrogrid system is presented, which considers EVs as storage devices. Then several dual variables, which are representative of the marginal cost of proper constraints, are utilized to form an updated price, thereby being a modification on the original electricity price. With this updated price signal, a price-based decentralized scheduling strategy is presented for the Microgrid Central Controller (MGCC). Simulation results show that the two-stage scheduling strategy reduces the electricity cost and avoids frequent transitions between battery charging/discharging states. With the proposed decentralized scheduling strategy, each microgrid only needs to solve its local problem and limits the total power exchange within the safe range.Index Terms--Microgrid, electric vehicle, energy exchange, dual variable, updated price signal, decentralized scheduling strategy. I. NOMENCLATURE Index:i Index for microgrid,, ( ) i s B t Lower bound of the aggregate batteries' remaining energy in microgrid i during t in scenario s (kWh).Upper bound of the aggregate batteries' remaining energy in microgrid i during t in scenario s (kWh). ( ) C tOriginal electricity price during t (CNY/kWh).

show abstract

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ev Aggregator Scheduling Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Integrated Energy Exchange Scheduling for Multimicrogrid System With Electric Vehicles

Wang

Guan

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Smart Grid

147

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is connected to the main distribution network at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC), importing or exporting power to the distribution network as well as providing ancillary services, such as, voltage support, to the main distribution grid [2,3]. A microgrid can also improve local reliability, reduce emissions and contribute to lower cost of energy supply by taking advantage of the DG, storage devices and responsive loads [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Microgrid Scheduling Considering Network Operational Constraints and Building Thermal Dynamics

Liu¹,

Ollis²,

Xiao³

et al. 2017

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper proposes a Mixed Integer Conic Programming (MICP) model for community microgrids considering the network operational constraints and building thermal dynamics. The proposed multi-objective optimization model optimizes not only the operating cost, including fuel cost, purchasing cost, battery degradation cost, voluntary load shedding cost and the cost associated with customer discomfort due to room temperature deviation from the set point, but also several performance indices, including voltage deviation, network power loss and power factor at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC). In particular, the detailed thermal dynamic model of buildings is integrated into the distribution optimal power flow (D-OPF) model for the optimal operation. The heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems can be scheduled intelligently to reduce the electricity cost while maintaining the indoor temperature in the comfort range set by customers. Numerical simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed model and significant savings in electricity cost with network operational constraints satisfied.

show abstract

“…In [14] and [15], the efficiency of the battery is set to a constant value for both charging and discharging. Efficiencies of charge and discharge are assumed to be different in [16] and [17] which may be more reasonable. More scientifically, Lee [18] employed a discharging current considered equation to compute the efficiency of the battery energy storage system (BESS).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Management Strategy for Grid-Tied Microgrids Considering the Energy Storage Efficiency

Xing

Liu

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

An Economic Analysis of Used Electric Vehicle Batteries Integrated Into Commercial Building Microgrids

Cited by 149 publications

References 10 publications

Integrated Energy Exchange Scheduling for Multimicrogrid System With Electric Vehicles

Integrated Energy Exchange Scheduling for Multimicrogrid System With Electric Vehicles

Community Microgrid Scheduling Considering Network Operational Constraints and Building Thermal Dynamics

Energy Management Strategy for Grid-Tied Microgrids Considering the Energy Storage Efficiency

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About