An economic analysis of illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing: Key drivers and possible solutions

Gallic, Bertrand Le; Cox, Anthony D.

doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2005.09.008

Cited by 123 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…By far, economic profits from illegal operations have been attributed as constituting primary incentives to pursue such activities [27,28]. In other words, IUU fishing is a high-return activity that the offenders will continue to fish illegally as long as they gain profit.…”

Section: The Interactive Governance Perspective In Addressing Iuu Promentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bottom-Up Understanding of Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing in Lake Victoria

2016

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Illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing is a major concern in fisheries management around the world. Several measures have been taken to address the problem. In Lake Victoria, the alleviation of IUU fishing is implemented through the Regional Plan of Action (RPOA-IUU), which restricts use of certain fishing gear, as well as prohibits fishing in closed areas and during closed seasons. Despite the long-term efforts to monitor and control what goes on in the fisheries, IUU fishing has persisted in Lake Victoria. Inspired by interactive governance theory, this paper argues that the persistence of IUU fishing could be due to different images that stakeholders have about the situation, rather than the lack of management competency. Through structured interviews with 150 fisheries stakeholders on Ijinga Island in the southeastern part of Lake Victoria, Tanzania, using paired comparison questionnaires, the study elicits stakeholders' perspective about the severity of different locally-pertinent fishing-related activities. The results show that while fisheries stakeholder groups agree on their judgments about certain fishing gears, some differences are also apparent. For instance, fisheries managers and scientists do not always agree with fishing people about what activities cause the most damage to fisheries resources and ecosystem. Further, they tend to consider some IUU fishing-related activities less damaging than some non-IUU fishing. Such disparity creates governability challenges, pointing to the need to revisit relevant regulatory measures and to make them consistent with the knowledge and judgments of all stakeholders. Based on these findings, we discuss governing interventions that may contribute to addressing IUU fishing in Lake Victoria and elsewhere.

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Section: The Interactive Governance Perspective In Addressing Iuu Promentioning

confidence: 99%

A Bottom-Up Understanding of Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing in Lake Victoria

2016

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“…There are different drivers of illegal fishing, as we look at industrial fishing, we argue that economic gain is the most significant incentive (Le Gallic and Cox, 2006;Sumaila et al, 2006), alongside with the ability of simply doing so (AndrewsChouicha and Gray, 2005). This is mainly the case in the national waters or exclusive economic zones (EEZs) of the 6 West African countries (The Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania, Senegal, and Sierra Leone), whose Monitoring Control and Surveillance (MCS) systems are relatively weak.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Effectiveness of Monitoring Control and Surveillance of Illegal Fishing: The Case of West Africa

Doumbouya¹,

Camara²,

Mamie³

et al. 2017

Front. Mar. Sci.

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This paper assesses illegal fishing in West Africa, one of the regions most affected by Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated fishing (IUU) in the world. The catch, the economic loss and the amount recovered through Monitoring, Control, and Surveillance (MCS) are calculated based on a reconstruction method, and the information made available through national MCS units, between 2010 and 2016 in an effort to assess the effectiveness of surveillance efforts in the region. Results show considerable loss of revenues for Mauritania, Senegal, The Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Guinea, and Sierra Leone, estimated at 2.3 billion USD annually, while a minimal amount of 13 million USD is recovered through MCS. In addition, this paper finds that countries touched by the Ebola crisis (Guinea and Sierra Leone) drive a tremendous increase in the loss generated by illegal fishing. However, further analysis shows that the overall severity of illegal fishing, as defined by a range of types investigated here, declines as the fines against the most severe forms of IUU fishing increase. Finally this study finds that Sierra Leone and The Gambia have the highest scoring MCS systems, and were the countries where the most offenders are caught and charged with the highest fines, while Senegal's new legislations which improved MCS during 2015 does not appear to show on the scoring results. This study finds that illegal fishing amounts the equivalent of 65% of the legal reported catch from West Africa and poses serious concern for food security, and the economy in the region.

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“…The prevalence of a ready and cheap labour pool also reduces in some circumstances the real cost of risk for the vessel owner, as crew members arrested are often abandoned by their employers as they can be replaced at a very low costy [11] The institutional factors that contribute to the cause of IUU fishing occur as a result of the inconsistencies and loopholes in the current international legal framework [11].…”

Section: Illegal Fishing Activities In Northern Australian Watersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Australia is involved in a number of key international organisations and is signatory to international instruments that provide the framework for which it has to abide by with regard to IUU fishing. It has been noted in the international arena that Australia finds IUU fishing operations as 'a particularly sensitive issue' [11].…”

Section: International Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Policy responses to IUU fishing in Northern Australian waters

Vince

2007

Ocean & Coastal Management

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Illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing activities continue to thrive in the northern region of Australia's Fishing Zone (AFZ). Indonesian fishermen involved in IUU fishing in this area target specific marine species such as shark, reef fish, sea cucumber and trochus that are destined for the Asian market. Many of these marine species' stocks are now at critical levels. Local communities based in Northern Australia, state and Federal governments are also concerned with issues of border security and quarantine measures that coincide with the IUU fishing activities. Whilst Australian and Indonesian governments continue to negotiate this pressing issue, international instruments, bilateral agreements and domestic policies are not deterring Indonesian fishermen from pursuing IUU fishing activities in the AFZ. r

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An economic analysis of illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing: Key drivers and possible solutions

Cited by 123 publications

References 8 publications

A Bottom-Up Understanding of Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing in Lake Victoria

A Bottom-Up Understanding of Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing in Lake Victoria

Assessing the Effectiveness of Monitoring Control and Surveillance of Illegal Fishing: The Case of West Africa

Policy responses to IUU fishing in Northern Australian waters

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