An ecological study regarding the association between paraquat exposure and end stage renal disease

McGwin, Gerald; Griffin, Russell

doi:10.1186/s12940-022-00946-9

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Furthermore, the intoxication of individuals can result in death, depending on ingested PQ concentration and species’ sensitivity; among vertebrates, mammals, including humans, are the most sensitive, displaying acute intoxication symptoms at 22–35 mg kg −1 body weight ( Eisler, 1990 ; Huang et al, 2019 ). Intoxication can occur through bioaccumulation, expressed by injuries in the lungs ( Tsai, 2013 ) and kidneys ( McGwin and Griffin, 2022 ), and can contribute to Parkinson’s disease in humans ( Zhang et al, 2016 ). However, PQ’s toxicity is not experienced only by vertebrates; it interferes with the habitat selection processes of fish ( Oreochromis niloticus in this case), meaning that suitable habitats for fish with PQ concentrations higher than1.0 mg/L are avoided because of their low habitat quality, leading to the population’s decline ( Soriwei et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of water molecules on paraquat salts: from physicochemical properties to environmental impact in the Brazilian Cerrado

Aguiar,

Costa,

Borges

et al. 2023

Front. Chem.

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Introduction: The green revolution model that is followed in the Brazilian Cerrado is dependent on mechanization, chemical fertilization for soil dressing and correction, and the use of herbicides. Paraquat is a methyl viologen herbicide marketed as bipyridylium dichloride salts and used (in low doses) to combat weeds in their post-emergence stage. It is a non-selective pesticide that causes the peroxidation of the lipids that make up the cell membrane, and when it comes into contact with foliage, it results in the death of the plant.Methods: The effect of water molecules co-crystallized in Paraquat salt structures was analyzed in anhydrous, dihydrate, and trihydrate forms to understand those physicochemical properties in its redox activity. The frontier molecular orbitals were also carried out using DFT to obtain the chemical reactivity of the bipyridylium cation. Finally, the supramolecular arrangements were evaluated to analyze the physicochemical stability and acquire insights on superoxide anions.Results and discussion: The electronic structure indicated that the BP cation presents an acidic character due to its low ELUMO value, while the salt has a more basic character due to its high EHOMO value. For this reason, the BP ion is more susceptible to reduction during the weeds’ photosynthesis process. During the process of plant photosynthesis, PQ is reduced to form a stable radical cation. In the supramolecular arrangement, the presence of water molecules increases the number of strong H-bonds, while the weak/moderate H-bonds are stabilized. PQ’s toxic effects are observed in wildlife, domesticated animals, human populations, and ecosystems. The influence of PQ on the terrestrial environment is limited because of the soil adsorption capacity associated with good agricultural practices. The current use of good agricultural practices in the Cerrado seems not to prevent the environmental impacts of herbicides like PQ because it aims for the expansion and profitability of large-scale farming based on input-intensive practices instead of sustainable agriculture processes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of water molecules on paraquat salts: from physicochemical properties to environmental impact in the Brazilian Cerrado

Aguiar,

Costa,

Borges

et al. 2023

Front. Chem.

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“…In the United States, paraquat is available primarily as a solution in various strengths. It is classified as "restricted use" which means that it can be used by licensed applicators only (6). There is an ongoing international campaign for a global ban, but the cheap and therefore popular paraquat continues to be unrestricted in most developing countries like Nigeria (7).In this context, the solution lies in employing inexpensive, efficient, and environmentally friendly processes, with microbial bioremediation emerging as a viable answer to these issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achromobacter sp. Strain BUKˍBCHˍTQ1: A Potential Paraquat-Degrading Bacterium Isolated from Pesticide Contaminated Agricultural Soil

Aliyu Tukur,

Muhammad,

Yahuza Gimba

et al. 2023

Malaysian J. Sci. Adv. Tech.

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Paraquat (1, 1′-dimethyl-4, 4′-bipyridinium dichloride) is one of the most frequently used herbicide in agriculture. It is a cationic non-systematic, non-selective contact compound that instantaneously interferes with the photosynthetic processes of plants. It has an immediate effect, once the compound comes into contact with the plants’ leaves, where the reaction occurs. However, the contamination of paraquat residue in soil can harm soil microbes, flora and fauna, farmer health and also soil ecology, which affects the soil fertility. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize bacteria with the ability to break down and utilize paraquat as the primary carbon source. The isolation process involved the enrichment of mineral salt media (MSM) using serial dilution. The isolated bacterium underwent morphological, biochemical, and molecular identification following characterization. Results showed the isolate was identified as Achromobacter sp. with the accession number OQ372943 based on partial 16S rRNA gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis. The growth and degradation of paraquat by this isolate were optimum at a pH of 6.5, 276 mgL-1 of the substrate (paraquat), temperature of 35 °C, 200 µL of biomass size, and 48 h of incubation. The degradation efficiency of the isolate after 120 hours of incubation under optimal conditions was 91.01%. Hence, these results demonstrated a very high efficiency of paraquat degradation. Consequently, this isolate holds significant promise for paraquat degradation and could serve as a viable contender for remediating paraquat-contaminated environments.

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3D nanocake-like Au-MXene/Au pallet structure–based label-free electrochemical aptasensor for paraquat determination

Xu,

Wang,

Song

et al. 2023

Microchim Acta

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An ecological study regarding the association between paraquat exposure and end stage renal disease

Cited by 4 publications

References 37 publications

The effect of water molecules on paraquat salts: from physicochemical properties to environmental impact in the Brazilian Cerrado

The effect of water molecules on paraquat salts: from physicochemical properties to environmental impact in the Brazilian Cerrado

Achromobacter sp. Strain BUKˍBCHˍTQ1: A Potential Paraquat-Degrading Bacterium Isolated from Pesticide Contaminated Agricultural Soil

3D nanocake-like Au-MXene/Au pallet structure–based label-free electrochemical aptasensor for paraquat determination

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