An ecological study of the fern Asplenium Trichomanes L. in Iraq with a reference to its phytochemical and antioxidant activity

Abstract

A number of ferns are known to have ornamental, medicinal and ethnobotanical importance all over the world. In spite of the presence of numerous fern species such as Equisetum, Adiantum, Asplenium and Cheilanthes species all over our country (Iraq) particularly the Kurdistan part, still, such information in this area is quite rare. Asplenium Trichomonas L. is a genus of one of the widest groups of Asplenideae (maidenhair spleen worts). It is a megaphyllous, homosporous fern, which was found at an elevation above 1600 m.a.s.l. Samples were collected from the Taweela area in Kurdistan of Iraq, the phytochemical and antioxidant activity of the plant was dealt with in the current investigation through the methanol extract method of ferns. The result revealed positive detection of few numbers of flavonoid compounds, among which kaempferol compound showed the highest concentration (227 μg/ml) whereas kaempferide 3-0 glycoside showed the lowest concentration (130.3 μg/ ml), six phenolic compounds were identified through HPLC technique among which (Kaempferol, Quercetin, Myrstin, Rutin, Kea.3-o-glycoside, and Leutolin), also anti-oxidant activity recorded (1c50) it had exceeded (2.27 μg/m1). In contrast the positive control (Ascorbic acid) 0.018 mg/ ml. The present study has been devoted to the distribution of Asplenium Trichomanes L in Iraq with reference to it is a phytochemical and anti-oxidant activity for the first time in the region. In years to come, undoubtedly this will follow with more investigations on fern wealth in Iraq so it will reduce the existing gap in the knowledge in this respect.

Determination of Alkaloids Constituents in Some Ferns by Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography Technique – Iraq

“…Therefore, we focused our analysis on the concentrations of alkaloids to investigate the effects of these factors on the alkaloids contents of the studied ferns in Iraq. In Chemi Rezan region, the fern species survival at elevation and environment conditions varied than of Malakan region which affected the alkaloid contents in the studied fern [25,26,27]. Thee environmental factors influence the biosynthesis of alkaloids [28].…”

“…A previous research found that secondary metabolites accumulation is strongly dependent on environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, climate and latitude [22,23,24]. The total production of secondary metabolites in plants may form maximally related to the environment, biotic, abiotic stresses and nutrient [25], light [26], climate [27], altitude [6] and latitude [22]. Therefore, we focused our analysis on the concentrations of alkaloids to investigate the effects of these factors on the alkaloids contents of the studied ferns in Iraq.…”