An ecological study of the spider mite<i>Oligonychus punicae</i>(Hirst) and its natural enemies

McMurtry, J. A.; Johnson, H. G.

doi:10.3733/hilg.v37n11p363

Cited by 70 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…A. limonicus and A. hibisci were active during the entire winter in Californian avocado crops (McMurtry & Johnson, 1966). Wysoki and Swirski (1971), who studied overwintering of A. degenerans in Israel, found that during winter all postembryonic stages were active on above-ground plant parts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preselection of predatory mites to improve year‐round biological control of western flower thrips in greenhouse crops

Houten

Rijn

Tanigoshi

et al. 1995

Entomologia Exp Applicata

108

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Preselection of predatory mites to improve year-round biological control of Western flower thrips in greenhouse crops van Houten, Y.M.; van Rijn, P.C.J.; Tanigoshi, L.K.; van Stratum, P.; Bruin, J. Published in: Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata Link to publicationCitation for published version (APA): van Houten, Y. M., van Rijn, P. C. J., Tanigoshi, L. K., van Stratum, P., & Bruin, J. (1995). Preselection of predatory mites to improve year-round biological control of Western flower thrips in greenhouse crops. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 74, 225-234. General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. Download date: 04 Apr 2019Entomologia Experimentalis etApplicata 74: 225-234, 1995. Key words: biological control, Thripidae, Frankliniella occidentalis, Phytoseiidae, Amblyseius, diapause, drought tolerance, predation, oviposition AbstractIn spring and summer, two groups of natural enemies are successfully used for biological control of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) in greenhouses: phytoseiid mites (Amblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans) and, to a lesser extent, A. barkeri (Hughes)) and anthocorid bugs (Orius spp.). During winter, however, these predators often fail to control the pest. One likely cause for failure is the predators' tendency to enter diapause under short day conditions. In addition, eggs of predatory mites are generally susceptible to low humidity conditions, which often arise in greenhouses when outside temperatures drop below zero, or at bright, hot days in summer. In search for a thrips predator that is not hampered by these conditions, five subtropical phytoseiid species were selected which were known to feed on thrips: A. hibisci (Chant), A. degenerans Berlese, A. limonicus s.s. Garman and McGregor, A. scutalis (Athias-Henriot) and A. tularensis (Congdon). These species were compared to A. cucumeris and A. barkeri, with respect to the following features: (1) predation and oviposition rate with young E occidentalis larvae as prey, (2) oviposition rate on a diet of sweet pepper pollen, (3) drought tolerance spectrum of eggs, and (4) incidence of reproductive diapause under short day conditions. The results showed that A. limonicus exhibited the highest predation and oviposition rates on a diet of thrips...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preselection of predatory mites to improve year‐round biological control of western flower thrips in greenhouse crops

Houten

Rijn

Tanigoshi

et al. 1995

Entomologia Exp Applicata

108

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“…Adult S. punctum were able to find eight P. ulmi-infested apple trees out of a 1-ha orchard, even though these infested trees had fewer than 1 mite/leaf (Hull et al, 1977b). Similarly, S. punctum was able to find small patches of pest mites in avocados, citrus, and raspberries (Congdon et al, 1993;McMurtry and Johnson, 1966;Haney et al, 1987). Similar low-density detection of mite prey has also been demonstrated by S. chengi in citrus orchards in China (Chen, 1993;Chen and Zhao, 1994).…”

Section: Prey Searching Behaviormentioning

confidence: 92%

Coccinellidae as predators of mites: Stethorini in biological control

Weber²,

2009

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The Stethorini are unique among the Coccinellidae in specializing on mites (principally Tetranychidae) as prey. Consisting of 90 species in two genera, Stethorus and Parasthethorus, the tribe is practically cosmopolitan. The Stethorini are found in a diverse range of habitats, including many agricultural systems such as pome and stone fruits, brambles, tree nuts, citrus, avocadoes, bananas, papaya, palms, tea, cassava, maize, strawberries, vegetables, and cotton, as well as ornamental plantings, grasslands, forests, and heathlands. Tetranychid mite outbreaks became common in many agricultural systems only after World War II, when widespread use of broad-spectrum insecticides increased. Stethorini were initially appreciated only for their ability to suppress severe outbreaks of tetranychid populations. However, research on their prey searching behaviors reveals that Stethorini use visual and olfactory stimuli to locate small mite colonies in patchy distributions, and can be very effective in regulating their prey at low densities. Moreover , acariphagous coccinellids colonize mite outbreaks earlier, and consume more pest mites, than many other mite predators. Key to the use of coccinellids in conservation biological control programs is the provision of overwintering habitats and refuges from pesticides in and near cropland. When these conditions are fulfilled, Stethorini often play important roles in maintaining suppression of tetranychid populations. Examples of successful biological mite control with Stethorini include apple orchards in Pennsylvania, USA, and citrus in Asia, and the unintended disruption of a tetranychid-based biological control program for the invasive woody weed, gorse, in Australia and New Zealand. The systematics and taxonomy of this group is challenging with many cryptic species, and molecular diagnostic tools are sorely needed. How best to utilize their mite-suppressive potential in diverse settings requires better knowledge of their requirements including utilization of alternative foods, refuges for dormancy and from nonselective pesticides , and host-finding mechanisms.

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“…(McMurtry and Sciven, 1966;Markkula and Tiittanen, 1976;Burnett, 1970Burnett, , 1979Nachman, 1981a), and in the field {e.g. McMurtry and Johnson, 1966). However, since persistence of open-air ecosystems might be due to immigration of mites from surrounding habitats instead of being an intrinsic property of the system, examples of regional dynamics will be confined to closed systems, i.e.…”

Section: Experimental Evidence Of Spatio-temporal Dynamics In Acarinementioning

confidence: 99%

Regional persistence of locally unstable predator/prey populations

Nachman

1988

Exp Appl Acarol

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Nachman. G., 1988. Regional persistence of locally unstable predator/prey populations. Exp. Appl.Acarol., 5: 293-318.Phb¢oseiid mites are efficient predators capable of completely destroying colonies of spider mites. Thus, coexistence of phytoseiids and their tetranychid prey at a local scale (typically an individual plant) is not likely for more than a single predator/prey cycle. However, the species may coexist at a regional scale, i.e. in a complex environment consisting of many plants, provided local colonisations, extinctions and recolonisations occur asynchronously. This review investigates some of the factors responsible for establishing and maintaining spatial asynchrony between local populations of prey and predators, such as dispersal, environmental heterogeneity and demographic stochasticity. Existing predator/prey models are considered in order to find agreement between theory and empirical data. Based on our current knowledge of spatial processes and their importance for the overall dynamics and persistence of predator/prey interactions, some consequences and aspects for biological control of crop pests by means of natural enemies are outlined.

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An ecological study of the spider miteOligonychus punicae(Hirst) and its natural enemies

Cited by 70 publications

References 25 publications

Preselection of predatory mites to improve year‐round biological control of western flower thrips in greenhouse crops

Preselection of predatory mites to improve year‐round biological control of western flower thrips in greenhouse crops

Coccinellidae as predators of mites: Stethorini in biological control

Regional persistence of locally unstable predator/prey populations

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