An Early Warning System for Deep Vrancea (Romania) Earthquakes

Ionescu, Constantin; Böse, Maren; Wenzel, Friedemann; Mărmureanu, Alexandru; Grigore, Adrian; Marmureanu, Gheorghe

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-72241-0_17

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In Japan, the public warnings from the Japan Meteorological Agency [ Hoshiba et al ., ; Kamigaichi et al ., ] are already broadcast to the population through various means (radio, TV, smartphones, etc.). In Romania, the Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering in Bucharest receive the warning notification from a network‐based EEW system [ Ionescu et al ., ]. In Italy, one of the areas of highest seismic hazard is the Southern Apennines region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An on‐site alert level early warning system for Italy

et al. 2017

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An earthquake early warning (EEW) system is a real‐time seismic monitoring infrastructure that has the capability to provide warnings to target cities before the arrival of the strongest shaking waves. In order to provide a rapid alert when targets are very close to the epicenter of the events, we developed an on‐site EEW approach and evaluated its performance at the Italian national scale. The system is a P wave‐based method that measures in real time two parameters: the initial peak displacement (Pd) and the average period (τc). As output, the system provides the predicted ground‐shaking intensity at the monitored site, the alert level, and a qualitative classification of both earthquake magnitude and source‐to‐receiver distance. We applied the on‐site EEW methodology to a data set of Italian earthquakes, with magnitude ranging from 3.8 to 6, and evaluated the performance of the system in terms of correct warning and lead times (i.e., time available for security actions at the target). The results of this retrospective analysis show that for the large majority of the analyzed cases, the method is able to deliver a correct warning shortly after the P wave detection, with more than 80% of successful intensity predictions at the target site. The lead times increase with distance, with a value of 8–10 s at 50 km and 15–18 s at 100 km.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An on‐site alert level early warning system for Italy

et al. 2017

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“…Recently, earthquake early warning systems have been expanding rapidly around the world. There are currently warning systems in Mexico (Espinosa-Aranda et al 2011), Japan (Horiuchi et al 2005), Taiwan (Hsiao et al 2009), and Romania (Ionescu et al 2007). Others are in the state of testing and investigation, such as ElarmS in California (Allen 2007), PRESTo in Italy (Satriano et al 2010), and EEWS in Turkey, China, South Korea, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Modeling warning times for the Israel’s earthquake early warning system

Pinsky

2014

J Seismol

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In June 2012, the Israeli government approved the offer of the creation of an earthquake early warning system (EEWS) that would provide timely alarms for schools and colleges in Israel. A network configuration was chosen, consisting of a staggered line of ∼100 stations along the main regional faults: the Dead Sea fault and the Carmel fault, and an additional ∼40 stations spread more or less evenly over the country. A hybrid approach to the EEWS alarm was suggested, where a P-wave-based system will be combined with the S-threshold method. The former utilizes first arrivals to several stations closest to the event for prompt location and determination of the earthquake's magnitude from the first 3 s of the waveform data. The latter issues alarms, when the acceleration of the surface movement exceeds a threshold for at least two neighboring stations. The threshold will be chosen to be a peak acceleration level corresponding to a magnitude 5 earthquake at a short distance range (5-10 km). The warning times or lead times, i.e., times between the alarm signal arrival and arrival of the damaging S-waves, are considered for the P, S, and hybrid EEWS methods. For each of the approaches, the P-and the S-wave travel times and the alarm times were calculated using a standard 1D velocity model and some assumptions regarding the EEWS data latencies. Then, a definition of alarm effectiveness was introduced as a measure of the trade-off between the warning time and the shaking intensity. A number of strong earthquake scenarios, together with anticipated shaking intensities at important targets, namely cities with high populations, are considered. The scenarios demonstrated in probabilistic terms how the alarm effectiveness varies depending on the target distance from the epicenter and event magnitude.

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“…The last two decades have seen acceleration in the development and implementation of such systems. EEWSs are operational in several seismically active regions around the world, such as Taiwan (Wu and Teng, 2002;Hsiao et al, 2009;Chen et al, 2015), Japan (Nakamura, 1984(Nakamura, , 1988Odaka et al, 2003;Horiuchi et al, 2005;Nakamura and Saita, 2007;Hoshiba et al, 2008;Brown et al, 2009;Kamigaichi et al, 2009), andMexico (Espinosa-Aranda et al, 2009), and they are under development in California (Allen and Kanamori, 2003;Allen et al, 2009;Böse et al, 2009), southern Italy (Zollo et al, 2006;, Turkey (Erdik et al, 2003;Alcik et al, 2009), China (Peng et al, 2011), Romania (Wenzel et al, 1999;Böse et al, 2007;Ionescu et al, 2007), and Switzerland (Cua and Heaton, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Earthquake Early Warning System Based on Earthworm: Application to Southwest Iberia

Petit¹,

Puyané²,

Salvador³

et al. 2016

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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The main aim of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of an earthquake early warning system (EEWS) to warn of potentially destructive earthquakes in the Cape San Vicente (SV) and Gulf of Cádiz (GC) areas in the southwest Iberian Peninsula, based on real-time broadband stations existing in the region. Historic earthquakes in this region include the 1755 Lisbon (M w 8.5) and 1969 SV (M w 7.8) events. This study illustrates the design, configuration, and first results of an EEWS prototype based on the U.S. Geological Survey Earthworm tools and developed at the Institut Cartogràfic i Geològic de Catalunya (ICGC). System main functionalities are real-time data acquisition, processing (P-wave picking, event detection, earthquake hypocentral location, and magnitude estimation from previously calculated peak displacement [P d ] and predominant period τ c of the P-wave signal), data archiving, and earthquake early warning dissemination. The prototype was put into operation after a setup period, during which several simulations were carried out to establish the optimal settings. After the first year of operation, one felt earthquake occurred in the area of study. Location and magnitude results are fairly good, compared with the Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN) catalog. Lead times obtained are on the order of tens of seconds for the majority of targets, which are long enough to mitigate damage for a large area of the southern coasts of Portugal and Spain due to the GC and SV earthquakes. Preliminary results for this prototype demonstrate the possibility of a regional, reliable, and effective EEWS in southwest Iberia.

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An Early Warning System for Deep Vrancea (Romania) Earthquakes

Cited by 30 publications

References 3 publications

An on‐site alert level early warning system for Italy

An on‐site alert level early warning system for Italy

Modeling warning times for the Israel’s earthquake early warning system

Development of an Earthquake Early Warning System Based on Earthworm: Application to Southwest Iberia

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