An Early Ptolemaic Land Survey in Demotic: P. Cair. Ii 31073

Monson, Andrew

doi:10.2139/ssrn.1426983

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…A Ptolemaic (325-30 B.C.) papyrus mentions safflower cultivation covering up to 18% of the land used for farming and that it was only outnumbered by wheat (Monson 2007). Körber-Grohne (1987) also suggested that the oil of C. tinctorius was part of the oil monopoly during this time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carthamus species in the ancient Near East and south-eastern Europe: archaeobotanical evidence for their distribution and use as a source of oil

Marinova

Riehl

2009

Veget Hist Archaeobot

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We present an overview of archaeobotanical Carthamus spp. finds from Neolithic to medieval sites in the Near East and adjacent areas. A particular focus is put on the cultivated form of the genus. Safflower appears first in a number of early Bronze Age (3000 B.C.) sites in northern and central Syria. From there it apparently spread to Egypt, the Aegean and south-eastern Europe. The Near Eastern Bronze Age evidence shows a striking exclusiveness in the distribution patterns of safflower and flax, with flax being restricted to Levantine and Iranian sites. This may reflect the contrasting ecological requirements of the two crops, with safflower being well adapted to drought and salinity and thus to arid conditions. At the same time the geographically complementary evidence may indicate a similar use of the two crops and most probably suggests that the safflower was also used for oil almost from the beginning of its cultivation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%